502 Prof. T. McKenny Hughes — Brecciated Archcean Rock. 



the sharper folds, even a commingling of fragments of the vein and 

 surrounding rock. 



When, moreover, such fragmental beds are observed to coincide with 

 the trend of the ridges, and with the larger divisions of the series 

 which are supposed to represent original differences in the succession, 

 this may be urged as an argument in favour of the conglomeratic 

 character. But in any folded rock the chief crush is apt to run 

 along and be confined to the central portions of the folds, so that 

 the bands of breccia caused by it must necessarily coincide in direc- 

 tion with the trend of the ridge and the strike of the succession of 

 rocks of which the mass is made up, and any rock having a different 

 texture in successive portions, whether original or superinduced, will, 

 during earth-movements, behave just like a sedimentary rock in 

 which there is a succession of beds of different powers of resistance. 



In the Malvern Hills, as so often elsewhere, the axes of folding 

 of the older rocks run slightly oblique to the trend of the ridge. 



Diagram sketch of part of band of pseudo-agglomerate in the Archaean rocks 



of Malvern. 

 A.B. — Band of brecciated rock. CD. — Vein of pink felsite. 



The margin against which the New Eed abuts on the east of the 

 Malvern Hills was probably determined by pre-existing lines of 

 weakness, due to faults and crushes in the Archeean, but the now 

 more important but originally less intense movements which took 

 place after the deposition of the New Eed have determined the 

 existing boundary of that series. But the principal divisional planes 

 and sequences indicating the direction of the great folds in the 

 Arch^an rock run into the hill obliquely to the margin in the 

 locality to which these observations chiefly refer, namely, the 

 quarries west of Malvern Link, Along these axes, and therefore 

 coinciding with what looks most like strike in the Archaean, run the 

 bands of fragmental rock, and thus, if it had not been that we were 

 able to examine the surrounding rock sufficiently to satisfy ourselves 

 that the conglomeratic character was deceptive, and to see that the 

 breccia passed into jointed rock, we might easily have taken this 

 band as an ancient shingle or agglomerate, to the great confusion of 

 the evidence already sufficiently difficult to unravel. 



Thus it is clear that we may in certain cases have a conglomera- 



