E. T. Newton — British Pleistocene Fishes, 51 



marine fish-remains being found in a British Pleistocene deposit. 

 Tlie proximity of the sea would easily account for the presence of 

 these fish bones, as well as for the marine molluscs which were 

 found with them ; but it also suggests the possibility of a more 

 recent introduction. Mr. Lamplugh's careful work is, however, 

 a guarantee that the fish bones were cotemporary with those of the 

 Mammoth, and the condition of the specimens, which are now in 

 the Jermyn Street IMuseura, is precisely the same. 



Two teeth, probably of Pike, found by Mr. B. B. Woodward in 

 the Crayford Biickearth in 1891, are now in the British Museum. 



In the year 1891 Mr. F. C. J. Spurrell presented to the Museum 

 of Practical Geology a number of specimens from the Brickearth of 

 Erith, and among these were some teeth of Esox hicius (No. 5,646). 



Mr. Clement Raid's most interesting work on the series of strata 

 found at Hoxne,' in Norfolk, not only brought to light a large 

 number of plants, but also of small bones of vertebrata, among which, 

 from Bed E, were remains of Perca fluviatilis (M.P.G., 6,084) and 

 Leiiciscns rntilus (M.F.G., 6,083). In the following year, 1897, the 

 results of Mr. Eeid's similar reseai'ches at Hitchin^ were published, 

 :and from beds on the same horizon as D and E at Hoxne he was 

 able to record Perca fluviatilis, Esox lucius, Tinea vulgaris, Leuciscus 

 ■erijtTirophthalmus. and L. rutilus (M.P.G., 6,301). 



For some time past Mr. M. A. C. Hinton and Mr. A. S. 

 Kennard have been searching the various Pleistocene beds at 

 •Grays Thurrock, and have obtained a good number of bones and 

 teeth of small vertebrates, among which are many belonging to 

 fresh-water fishes. Some account of these was read before the 

 Essex Field Club ' on October 27th, 1900. About a dozen otoliths, 

 which agree most nearly with those of the Euflf, are provisionally 

 referred to Acerina vulgaris ? ; a number of teeth doubtless belong 

 to the Pike. Esox lucius ; several pharyngeal bones and numerous 

 isolated teeth are referi'ed partly to Boach, Leuciscus rutilus, and 

 partly to Dace, L. vulgaris ; one tooth has the characteristic curved 

 and creuulated crown of the Rudd, L. erijthrophthalmus ; and there is 

 a single vertebra, having the peculiar tubular neural arch found in 

 the Eel, which is with much hesitation named Anguilla? vulgaris? 



There is a series of small vertebrata from Grays Thurrock in the 

 Brown Collection in the British Museum (No. 28,079), among which 

 are remains of fishes referable to Pike, Rudd, and probably Dace. 



Many otoliths of fishes have been collected by Mr. Clement Reid 

 from Pleistocene beds on the foreshore at Selsea ; they belong to 

 about sixteen different forms, but none of them have been definitely 

 recognized as of living species. It is almost certain that the greater 

 number of these otoliths have been derived from the denudation of 

 Eocene strata in the neighbourhood, and they cannot, therefore, be 

 included among the British Pleistocene fishes. 



The discoveries of Pleistocene fish-remains on the Continent have 



1 Brit. Assoc. Report for 1896. 



- I'roc. Hoy. Soc, vol. Ixi (1897), p. 45, 



2 Essex Naturalist (ia tlie press, not yet publit>bed). 



