Edi-ieus — Jakes-Bfoicnc ^' Hill — Gault and U. Greeiiaand. 83 



Price, Dr. Charles Barrois, ilnd others have studied their stratigraphy 

 and fossils in more detail. They have also been described in some 

 of the previously published memoirs of the Geological Survey, as in 

 those on the Isle of Wight by A. Strahan, on the Isle of Purbeck by 

 A. Stralian, those on West Suffolk and West Norfolk by W. Whitaker 

 and A. J. Jukes-Browne, and that in the neighbourhood of Cambridge 

 by W. H. Penning and A. J. Jukes-Browne. Chemical analyses of 

 the rocks, besides those already published, have been made by 

 Professor J. B. Harrison, Mr. Berry, and Dr. W. Pollard. Mr. V. 

 ■Chapman has determined the foraminifera of the Gault, whilst the 

 author and Mr. E. T. Newton, assisted by Mr. H. A. Allen and 

 Dr. Kitchin, have revised the synonymy of the rest of the fauna. 

 The author has made use of the knowledge to be obtained from the 

 above and other writers on the geology of these rocks to add to his 

 own observations, and thus render the monograph as complete as 

 possible. 



The first chapter contains the introduction to the Upper Cretaceous 

 Series, which is regarded as consisting of the following four stages 

 ■or groups of strata : — 



4. Upper Chalk. 



3. Middle Chalk. 



2. Lower Chalk. 



1. Gault and Upper Greensand (Selbovnian). 



The combined thickness of these stages where the series is most 

 fully developed, as in the Isle of Wight, is about 1,900 feet. The 

 Upper Series, on the whole, succeeds conformably the Lower 

 Cretaceous Series, but there is evidence of a very general subsidence 

 of the region at an early period of the Upper Series, which produced 

 an overlap of the Low'er Greensand by the Gault. In deep borings 

 in the East of England, the Gault is known to rest directly oa 

 PalEeozoic rocks, whilst in a westerly direction it is deposited 

 successively on Wealden, Jurassic, and Kha^tic beds, and in the 

 Haldon Hills Greensand rests on the lower part of the New Red 

 Series. The general dip of the Upper Cretaceous is easterly, but 

 this is interrupted by several anticlinal flexures with an east and 

 west direction, which produce local dips to the north and south. 

 The most important of these are (1) that traversing South Dorset 

 and the Isle of Wight, which is believed to be continuous with the 

 anticlinal axis of the Pays de Bray; (2) a series of local and 

 parallel flexures in a tract extending from the Vales of Wardour 

 and Warminster through Central Hants and the southern part of 

 Sussex ; and (3) the anticlinal axis which runs through the Vales 

 of Pewsey and Kingsclere. 



Chapter ii, giving an historical account of the Chalk, Upper 

 Greensand, and Gault, mainly deals with the origin of the term 

 ' Upper Greensand.* The name ' Greensand ' was used by William 

 Smith and T. Webster for the greensands, including also the Malm 

 or Firestone, between the Chalk and the Gault. Subsequently, 

 W. Phillips and Dr. Mantell mistook the sands below the Gault 



