136 Revieios — Geological 8urvey of Canada. 



Sandstone which stands out boldly in the ' Sugar Loaf.' The result 

 of the resurvey of these rocks has been to show that there is a well- 

 defined plane up to which a Ludlow fauna and a Ludlow type 

 of sediment extend, while above it the Old Eed type with Lower 

 Old Eed fossils only have been recognized. Locally there is no 

 gradation from Silurian to Old Eed Sandstone. On the other hand, 

 no break has been found in the Old Eed Sandstone, although the 

 fossils show that both Lower and Upper divisions are present. It 

 is remarked that the formation is " not necessarily purely lacustrine 

 or fluviatile." 



From the Old Eed Sandstone upwards there is perfect conformity 

 with the Carboniferous strata. The Carboniferous Limestone with 

 its base of Lower Limestone shales is a variable group, 500 feet 

 thick in the western part of the district and about 100 feet in the 

 eastern part. Professor Watts describes some of the oolitic bands 

 of limestone, and also an interesting mass of dolomite. Mr. Strahan 

 found that the white oolitic limestone in one area underwent a con- 

 siderable change in mineral character, and this proved to take place 

 both along the outcrop and vertically. Analyses showed that the 

 change was due to the replacement of a portion of the carbonate 

 of lime (about 30 per cent.) by carbonate of magnesia, and to a re- 

 crystallization of the whole rock, whereby all organic structure, 

 even the oolitic grains, were obliterated, and the rock became a true 

 crj^stalline dolomite. Eeference is made to the probable connection 

 between the dolomitization and faults which would have afforded 

 means for the circulation of mineral waters. Full accounts are given 

 of the Millstone Grit and Coal-measures, including the iron -ores, 

 which are now but little worked. The coals are more extensively 

 worked now than formerly, and are being followed southwards 

 under the deeper parts of the basin. 



In the account of the Glacial Drifts a description is given by 

 Mr. Gibson of a transported mass of Millstone Grit which forms 

 a small hill upwards of 200 yards in length, and was found to be 

 based on stiff glacial till. " The hill, therefore, is merely a huge 

 bouldei', bearing witness to the great carrying power of the ice." 



■^ 



11. — The Geological Survey of Canada. 



1. — Eeport on the Geology and Natural Eesources of the 

 Country traversed by the Yellow Head Pass Eoute from 

 Edmonton to Tete Jaune Cache, comprising Portions of 

 Alberta and British Columbia. By James MoEvoy, B.A.Sc. 

 Geological Survey of Canada, Annual Eeport, Vol. XI, Part D. 

 8vo; pp. Id-Md, with map. (Ottawa: S. E.Dawson, 1900.) 



THIS report is descriptive of an exploration which extended from 

 Edmonton westward through the Yellow Head Pass in the 

 Eocky Mountains, down the Eraser Eiver to Tete Jaune Cache, 

 and thence to the head-waters of Canoe Eiver, a tributary of the 

 Columbia. A map on a scale of 8 miles to 1 inch accompanies the 

 report ; it embraces the whole of the area traversed, and extends in 



