234 Reports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 



the Pai'eiasauria from the Karoo beds ; others possess horn-like 

 projections on their heads like the Elginia from the Triassic deposits- 

 of Scotland. All are characterized by the good preservation of their 

 notched, spatula-shaped teeth. The Deuterosauria, though some- 

 times 3 metres in length, do not attain the proportions of the 

 Pareiasauria. Their dental apparatus is very powerful and of 

 a distinctly rapacious type. They belong to JRhopalodon, Fischer. 

 The Anomodontia are represented by small forms of Dicynodon 

 about the size of a bear, with two powerful tusks on the sides of the 

 head. Some of the skulls and skeletons discovered probably belong 

 to altogether new species of reptiles. 



The only invertebrates mentioned from this lenticular deposit are 

 lamellibranch shells belonging to the Anthracosidee, whilst the plant 

 remains, though numerous, are limited to forms of Glossopteris. 



The plates accompanying the paper show the position of the 

 lenticular sandy beds in the cliffs of Permian marls, and the manner 

 in which the concretions with the bones embedded in them occurred 

 in the sands. G. J. H. 



I^:H:F'OI^Ts ^^istxd zpiaociBiEiDiiNia-s. 



Geological Society of London. 



I. — March 6th, 1901. — J. J. H. Teall, Esq., M.A., V.P.R.S., 

 President, in the Chair. 



The following communications were read : — 



1. ''Eecent Geological Changes in Northern and Central Asia." 

 By Professor George Frederick Wright, F.G.S.A. 



The present paper is the outcome of a journey made by the author 

 in company with Mr. Frederick B. Wright in 1900-1901. 



In North America an area of about 4.000,000 square miles was 

 brought under the direct influence of Glacial ice during the Glacial 

 Epoch. The result of six weeks spent in Japan was to show that 

 there are no signs of general glaciation in Nippon or Yesso. Neither 

 is there any sign of glaciation along the border of the Mongolian 

 Plateau, where the general elevation is 5,000 feet, but the whole 

 region is covered with loess. This has usually accumulated like 

 immense snow-drifts on the south-eastern or lee-side of the 

 mountains, and in it houses and villages are excavated. In the 

 mountainous region, strata of gravel and pebbles are so frequent 

 in the loess, that it is necessary to invoke both wind and water in 

 order to explain fully the origin of the deposit. At the present time 

 the loess in the interior is being washed away by streams much 

 faster than it is being deposited by the wind. The journey across 

 Manchuria from Port Arthur along the Lao-Ho and Sungari rivers 

 was through valleys choked with alluvium, and there was no evidence 

 that the drainage of the Amur had ever been reversed by ice, like 

 that of the St. Lawrence ; nor was there any other evidence of 

 glaciation. The lower course of the Amur indicates subsidence. 

 Again, there are no signs of sclaciation on the Vitim Plateau. 



