Revieics — Glaciation of East Lothian. 231 



"Wadsworth, Stoiy-Maskelyne, and Lewis are the leading textbook 

 authorities. The ' Laboratory ' plays a most important part in this 

 section, where the practical work of examining, testing, and identifying 

 specimens of minerals and rocks is carried on. " In this way each 

 student is required to determine in his course from one thousand to 

 three thousand different mineral specimens belonging to the selected 

 species." In Mining Geology particular attention is given to the 

 occurrence and use of stone, clay, lime, cement, coal, iron-ore, and 

 other economic products worked in the State. The object of the 

 courses in Palaeontology "is to familiarize the student in the field 

 and laboratory [? museum] with the more common fossils, particularly 

 those that characterize the Palaeozoic formations. The student will 

 be practised in the determination of the varying types which he is 

 expected to draw and describe." Petrography is considered under 

 two heads, viz., Optical and Microscopical Mineralogy and Microscopical 

 Petrography. In this course the alterations of minerals are especially 

 studied. Amongst the textbooks quoted are Iddings, Van Hise, Hatch, 

 and Marker. 



Throughout this fasciculus Professor Wadsworth never fails to 

 impress upon his readers how much benefit men engaged in prospecting 

 have derived, or are likely to derive, from such studies, and more 

 especially from Mineralogy and Mining Geology (p. 116). He seems 

 to be conscious that four year's is rather a short period for the absorption 

 of such a mass of information as is afforded by the State College of 

 Pennsylvania. AVe feel sure, however, that the finished article, after 

 passing through all these courses and laboratories, ought indeed to be 

 f actus ad unguem. 



Y. — The Glaciation of East Lothian. 



I IN" this country there are no geological papers more sumptuously 

 printed and illustrated than those which in quarto form issue 

 from the Hoyal Society of Edinburgh. One of these, just received 

 by us, is entitled " The Glaciation of East Lothian, south of the 

 Garleton Hills " (Trans. P,. Soc. Edin., vol. xlvi), by Professor P. F. 

 Kendall & Mr. E. B. Bailey. In it the authors deal with the 

 operations which took place during the retreat of the ice-sheet which 

 invaded the region and overrode the Lammermuir Hills during the 

 period of maximum glaciation. The general direction of the ice- 

 movement was from W.S.'W. to E.N'.E., eventually turning east 

 and a few degrees south of east, from the Garleton Hills towards 

 St. Abbs Head. 



The district is described as presenting ' ' the special characteristics 

 of an ice-dressed surface," the topography being that of a drumlin 

 country. Long low mounds or ridges run parallel with one another, 

 separated by shallow broad-bottomed grooves or valleys. Instead of 

 being formed of Boulder-clay, as in the case of true drumlins, these 

 mounds have been fashioned in solid rock and are merely coated over 

 with Boulder-clay. Examples of ' crag and tail ' are noted where ice 

 met an isolated resistant mass of rock, and the excavation of a shallow 



