288 Corresjwndence — Rev. 0. Fisher. 



The date of the original Supplement is given as 1840, hut was more 

 probably 1841, since it must certainly have been published after the 

 Congress was held at Turin, although it may have appeared before the 

 actual publication of the Atti. 



De Koninck (1841, Descrip. Anim. foss. terr. houiller . . . Belg., 

 p. 22) did not accept Canima, and made C. cornucopice a synonym 

 of Cyatliophyllum mitratum. (Schlotheim). Since C. cornuco2}ife had not 

 then been published, De Koninck must have obtained his information 

 from JNlichelin's letters or MS. This is further proved by the 

 fact that De Koninck (loc. cit.) quoted the unpublished Caninia 

 cornu-bovis as a synonym of Cyntliophyllum plicatum. He may have 

 got the name from the legend to the unpublished plate, since he 

 quotes Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. II (not I). Anyhow, this citation gave 

 C. cornu-hovis no validity. 



The date of page 81 of Michelin's *' Iconographie Zoophytologique '* 

 was probably about 1842. The species Caninia giyaniea there 

 established is said to be the only species common at Sable, one of the 

 localities ascribed to C. cornucopice, although erroneously, in the 

 paragraph of Gcrvais. 



As Mr. Carruthers points out, Michelin, when establishing Caninia 

 cornu-hovis, referred to "Michelin, in P. Gervais, Astkee, Diet, des 

 Sci. nat., Suppl. tome I, p. 485 (pour le genre)." By the last words 

 Michelin seems to imply that the description published in Gervais 

 gives the characters of the genus, but not those of the species Caninia 

 cornu-hovis. Mr. Carruthers admits the possibility of an alternative 

 interpretation, namely, "that the generic description in the Supple- 

 ment should be regarded as a specific description of C. cornu-hovis.''^ 

 Such a weakening of his case seems to me quite unwarranted. 



The reason for taking C. cornucopice. as genotype is briefly that this 

 species was definitely selected as " espece type" in the Supplement 

 (1840 or 1841); and although C. cornucopice. was not fully described 

 till 1846, no other species was proposed as genotype by Lonsdale or 

 any other intervening writer. In such a case, the rules of the 

 International Zoological Congress leave no room for doubt. 



It is hoped that the few notes here given will complete 

 Mr. Carruthers' account, without affecting its main conclusions. 



Ajjril 1th, 1908. F. A, Bather. 



CHANGES OF LEVEL AjSD RAISED BEACHES. 



Sir, — In the May number of this Magazine Dr. Jamieson suggests 

 that the elevation of raised beaches is caused through the lightening 

 of land areas by the ordinary denudation constantly going on. That 

 this denudation may be a vera causa of elevation to re-establish 

 equilibrium is highly probable. But there must be counteracting 

 agencies at work, because the elevation of the beaches has been 

 followed by a certain amount of depression, as shown by the submerged 

 forests on our coasts. Denudation has been going on all along, and 

 the land is now at its lightest, and consequently ought to be at its 

 highest, yet on the contrary what was lately dry land is now below 

 high water, 0. Fishek. 



May nth, 1908, 



