J. R. Kilroe — Laterite and Bcmxite in Germany. 537 



form a conglomerate over the iron-ore layer, as mentioned by Miinster.^ 

 The bauxite occurs in comparatively insignificant quantity in the 

 Miicka region ; the chief mining industry there is that of iron-ore, 

 which is for the most part dug out of open pits. A good section, is to 

 be observed at the Grube ' HofFnung,' where at the time of my visit 

 a large systematically worked pit had reached the approximate 

 dimensions of 150 by 200 yards and 40 to 50 feet in depth. The 

 section seen was somewhat as follows : — 



Feet. 

 ' Diluvial ' matter with stones of basalt . . . . . . to 2 



Other superficial material, chiefly sandy clay, termed Loss by Miinster . 5 to 8 

 Yellow and grey clay with dendritic manganese oxide .... 3 



Yellow, grey, red, and brown clay with ' Stiickerz,' exfoliating basalt 



lumps, and nests of pyrolusite . . . . . . . 25 to 30 



Layer of weathering basalt ........ 12 



Limonite (Stiickerz or Braunerz), sometimes concretionary and stalactitic, 



with clay ........... 6 



{d) The basalt from which the laterite just described has been 

 formed is believed by Dr. Schottler to be entirely that of his first 

 stage, though Miinster thought it consists, in part, of the ' Trap ' or 

 Anaraesite. The difference is immaterial, but the point is mentioned 

 because when we pass to the chief area of bauxite, this ore, and the 

 aluminous clay containing it, at rothen Hang, east of Garbenteich, are 

 derived entirely from the Trappgesteine of Schottler. 



The road from Lich, westward to (-larbenteich, leaves a somewhat 

 elevated area on the right, known as hohen Stein, opposite which on 

 the south side stretches undulating ground covered with red clay 

 containing pieces of bauxite, "which may be picked out of the soil. 

 "Westward of hohen Stein the road runs between Auf der Haide and 

 rothen Hang, on both of which the bauxitic clay also forms the soil. 

 That on rothen Hang is the chief source of bauxite, and the area 

 covered with the peculiar clay amounts in the aggregate to about 

 a square kilometre ; it reaches a depth or thickness of about 1|^ to 

 2 metres. The layer has all the appearance of having been formed in 

 place by peculiar weathering and disintegration of the anamesite, to 

 be seen in situ throughout the elevated tract of hohen Stein. 



Describing the bauxite, Liebrich writes as follows : — " The bauxite 

 of the rothen Hang shows unmistakeably its origin . . . the 

 yellowish grey bauxite showed clearly a medium-ground anamesite."^ 

 And again: "The bauxite of this region is verj^ nearly related in 

 structure to the anamesite of hohen Stein. The small pieces of 

 bauxite which occur at the foot of the hohen Stein, in the weathered 

 products of the anamesite, have exactly the same structure as this. 

 The size and number of the transformed plagioclases correspond 

 completely." ^ Pieces of bauxite up to half a metre in diameter have 

 been met with in pits, and, as Liebrich notes, in no ease has a core of 

 unweathered basalt been found in the bauxite lumps. Notwithstanding 



^ "Die Brauneisenerzlagerstatten des Seen- und Ohratals am Nordrand des 

 Vogelsgebirges " : Zeitsch. fur Prak. Geol., 1905, p. 251. - Op. cit., p. 72. 



^ p. 75. Some beautiful points are indicated by Liebrich in this connection, viz., 

 that the basalt-ironstone pieces, also met with in the bauxitic clay, have the same 

 structure as the anamesite, and that the proportions of Fco O3 and AI3 O3 in the iron- 

 stone, and Alo O3 and Feo O3 in the bauxite, correspond atomically — they alternate. 



