76 Primitive Man. 



Let us see what would be most likely to happen at the 

 close of the PalceoUthic period. At this time the Azilians 

 were living- in the south of France, chasing the red deer and 

 following the roe, but they were also fishermen, and some- 

 times reduced to feeding on shellfish. The climate was 

 becoming better, and oak forest had already covered a large 

 part of Europe. Under these circumstances, it seems most 

 probable that a scanty population of hunting and fishing 

 Azilians would spread all over Europe, chiefly along the rivers 

 and on the seashores. One could not expect now any but 

 the scantiest and most accidental proof of their existence. 



During the earlier neolithic, other races were coming in. 

 There was a slow, but steady infiltration of round-headed 

 brachycephalic people from Switzerland who may have be- 

 longed to the Furfooz race, or may have been the first ex- 

 ample of the modern Alpine race. This, of course, was a 

 dark brachycephalic people, who probably came from Asia. 



Later, but still in the first half of the neolithic period, the 

 first villages of the dolmen-builders (or Mediterranean race) 

 seem to have been extending all along- the Mediterranean to 

 Italy and Spain; most of the stone circles and other 

 megalithic monuments belong to the last half of the neolithic 

 period, but still they show that this race established itself in 

 France, Southern England, Wales, Ireland, and Scotland. 

 So if we adopt the theory of a scattered scanty population of 

 red deer hunting, wholly savage Azilians, it is clear that 

 during the neolithic period they would be gradually forced 

 northwards. So long as there was game to hunt and room 

 for migration, they would remain hunters and fishermen. 

 But when they had reached Scotland, Schleswig-Holstein, or 

 Scandinavia they could not well migrate any further. I 

 think all this is very probable from what we know happened 

 to the Red Indians and other savages when in contact with 

 higher races. But this possibility gives a clue to another 

 unsolved problem. Before the end of the Neolithic period, 

 the Northern race, the tall, fair-haired, and blue-eyed parents 

 of Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian, and North German was cer- 

 tainly living in North-West Germany. 



It is quite clear that there is a similarity between the 



