Primitive Man. 77 



Cromagnon type and the earliest Megalithic skulls. They art- 

 not identical; the Cromagnon type was not a " pure " race, 

 and many thousands of years may have separated the typical 

 man of Cromagnon from the first known Swedish northerner. 

 Still the resemblances seem to be considered sufficient to 

 show a real affinity. It is quite likely that when the .'\zilians 

 (or Cromagnonites) could no longer follow the red deer inlo 

 new country, they adopted (either under compulsion or of 

 their own choice) a more or less settled life. They began 

 to grow corn and keep herds of cattle, swine, sheep, and 

 horses ; then, increasmg in numbers, they were able to invade 

 Southern Europe in 1700 to 1500 B.C. This theory then 

 explains the origin of the Northern race, and is in fact the 

 only s-'ggestion which I have ever seen on that difficult 

 matter 



All this was before the first Gaelic-speaking Celt in- 

 vaded Britain. The Celt was apparently an early cross of 

 the Alp-ne race with these same blue-eyed Northerners. The 

 whole story shows the extraordinary mixture of races in 

 Europ:;. 



When a gardener desires to form a proper bed in which 

 to grow rare and useful fruit, he begins by mixing up .ill 

 sorts of soils; rotten turfs of rich fertile ground, barren sand, 

 farmya d manures, lime, and leaf-mould are all blended 

 together. Only by this mixture of varied elements does he 

 obtain a satisfactory basis. The history of every European 

 nationality reminds one of that unromantic process. 



In every nation to-day, there are probably remnants of 

 the Xeanderthaler savage who survived the Riss Ice Age, of 

 th^ artistic but muscular Cromagnonite who came from the 

 Mediterranean and lived through the Wiirm, of the Alpine 

 herdsmen who wandered to us from the illimitable steppes 

 of Asia, of the Mediterranean folk who came from the densely 

 peopled cities of the four great monarchies, and, perhaps, 

 even of the pygmy. All these peoples crossed and diverged, 

 passed through widely different race experiences and again 

 crossed with each other. They were tried by years of war- 

 fare and of hardship, and even more severely by peaceful 

 and comfortable life persisting occasionally for one or two 



