168 Dumfries : Its Burghal Origin. 



These names, as in No. 3, restrict the date within 1180-1189. 

 The implication that the old castlestead proves the existence 

 of a new castle does not rest merely on this allusion, but on 

 the subsequent continuous references to the actual castle, 

 which presumably occupied a fresh site, possibly not far 

 from the original one.^^*^ 



4. King William also^'^ confirmed to the Abbey of 

 Kelso the church of Dumfries, with lands and tithes and 

 all oblations, and the chapel of St. Thomas in that burgh, 

 and the toft to that chapel belonging, with five acres of 

 land, " which to said church and chapel," said the King, 

 " in free almoigne I gave, and by Philip de Valoniis caused 

 to be delivered to them, with all the just pertinents of said 

 church, so that it shall not be lawful to anyone to alienate 

 that church or chapel, or their rents or benefices, from the 

 church work {ab operatione ecclesie) of Kelso and the uses 

 of the brethren." Witnesses: — 



J[ocelyn], bishop of Glasgow (1174-99). 



H[ugh], bishop of St. Andrews (1183-1188). 



J[ohn], bishop of Dunkeld (1183-1203). 



M[atthew], bishop of Aberdeen (1172-99). 



H[enry], abbot of St. Thomas (Arbroath), (1178-1201). 



Earl Duncan ( -1204). 



Philip de Valoniis. 



William de Lyndesie. 

 This gift, which was made at Dumfries {apud Dunfres), is 

 by its witnesses limited between the year 1183 and 1188.1^ 



Strong presumptions arise from this donation to Kelso 

 that William had himself been the founder and builder, or 

 rebuilder, of the church of Dumfries. When its rents were 



lla Since this was written (1899) I have satisfied myself that 

 the vetus castellarium was the mote of which about one-third still 

 overhangs the road on the left bank of the Nith at Castledykes. 

 It is within the grounds of Castledykes, and is known as Para- 

 dise. The subject has been dealt with by me in a Rhind lecture 

 not yet published (October, 1913). 



12 TAher de Kelso, 317. 



13 Compare list of witnesses in deed by Malcolm, Earl of 

 Athole, in Acts of Parliament of Scotland, i., 387, 



