NATURAL HISTORY 417 



"Both specimens are from tlie upper jaw, and they are well characterized, not 

 only by the isolation of the interaal median column, but also by the complex pli- 

 cation of the interior or central enamel columns. 



" The larger specimen is firm in texture ; has the enamel stained jet black, aud 

 the dentine and cement gray. 



" I have personally had the opportunity of inspecting remains of the tapir, found 

 in Texas, Louisiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, Indiana, Ohio and South Carolina, 

 proving an extensive range of this animal at one time over the country of the 

 United States. 



" The specimens which were presented by Dr. Carpenter to the Academy of 

 Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, on close comparison are not found to differ from 

 the corresponding parts of the living Tapir is americmius. 



"The post-pliocene deposit of the Ashley River contains a number of small 

 fragments of molar teeth, and one nearly entire and unworn crown of a second 

 lower molar, which have the same characters of form and size, as in the living 

 tapir. Besides these, the same collections contain fragments of lower molars, and 

 two nearly entire crowns of upper molars, having the exact form of the corres- 

 ponding teeth of the T. americanus, but larger in size. 



" Teeth of the beaver, jet black in color, have likewise been obtained from the 

 post-pliocene deposit of Ashley River. 



"The collections contain numerous specimens of blackened molar teeth, together 

 with a few incisors and fragments of jaws, from the Ashley post-pliocene deposit 

 which neither differ in form nor size from the corresponding parts of the recent 

 musk-rat. 



"Remains of Lepus sylvaticus — common gray rabbit — ^have been found in asso- 

 ciation with those of other rodents and of the extinct peccai'y near Galena, Illinois. 

 A few specimens of molar teeth, black in color, apparently belonging to this species, 

 were obtained from the post-pliocene beds of the Ashley River. 



" Several small fragments of teeth of the Megatherium, in Prof Holmes' collec- 

 tion, were obtained from the post-pliocene bed of the Ashley River, Previously 

 to the discovery of those specimens, remains of the Megatherium had been found 

 in no other locality of North America than in the State of Georgia. 



" Two small fragments of lower molar teeth of Mylodon harlani were obtained 

 from the Ashley post pliocene beds. One of the fragments is represented in figure 

 21, plate xvi. of ' A Memoir on the extinct Sloth Tribe of North America ' by the 

 author.' " 



On these remarks from the pen of Professor Leidy, Professor Holmes observes ; 



As regards the specimens of human art found as above, it must be remarked 

 that it is only at this locality — Ashley Ferry — that we find such relics. Here at 

 the base of a low bluff, is a beach of eocene marl; above the blufif is a farm -yard, 

 and all the sweepings of the premises, consisting in part of old hoes, broken 

 plough shares, and fragments of' crockery-ware, etc., are thrown into the river, 

 and lie mingled with the fossils which are washed out of the bluff, and scattered 

 over the surface of the beach below, which is exposed at low tide. At no other 

 locality on this river, and there are several, viz. : Ramsay's, Clement's, Greer's, 

 Middleton's, (fee, where similar fossils are found, do we obtain relics of human art; 

 at least I have never found such. 



