UMBRIA CAPTA. 229 



Pifi ; hu vihi, it was I, bithibh, be ye. 



bithi, you are, bhithi, you used to be. 

 Bue ; ] bu e, it was he, b' e. 

 Budh ; j ba h-e, it was he, ba, it was, bicdh, it was. 



fa, it was, bhus, budh, bidh, pu, it will be. 

 Sei ; is e or is i, it is he or she, s e, 's i. 

 is he or it e, it is he. 

 is si, it is she. 

 It is thus abundantly evident that there is a close correspondence 

 between Jisi, fisivi, Jisiem, jisier, etc., and numerous portions of the 

 Irish and Gaelic Substantive verbs. There is likewise a close corres- 

 pondence between some of the words in question and certain parts 

 of the substantive verb in Armorican, e. g. 

 Imperative Bez, be thou. 



Mood. Bezet, let him or her be. 



Bezonip, let us be. 

 Bezit, be ye. 

 Be^ent, let them be. 

 Bezinn, I shall be. 

 Future Bezi, thou shall be. 



Indicative. Bezo, he shall be. 



Bezimp, we shall be. 

 Bezot or blot, you shall be. 

 Bezint, they shall be. 

 In consideration of the conclusive evidence that has been adduced 

 that Jisio, Jisi, fisimi, etc., belong to the Substantive verb in Gaelic ; 

 is it not a little surprising that jisi has been magnified into a 

 Divinity Fisus by Breal and others, and that ocre Fisi has been 

 metamorphosed into Colli Fisio, the Fisian Hill ? Can elaborate 

 ingenuity go to a more untenable extreme, or expend itself in more 

 unlikely and indefensible conjectures 1 



As Umbrian Gaelic is so very much older than any Gaelic writings 

 of which there has hitherto in modern times been any knowledge, 

 it is from the Inscriptions themselves that all grammatical rules and 

 forms must be derived. A few Grammatical references will not here 

 be inappx'opriate, as bearing on the Gaelic character of the Tables, 

 There are vai-ious terminations of the nominative singular of nouns 

 e. g., ei, ne, a, tor, as, re, te, us, u. Forms of the genitive singular are 

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