UMBRIA CAPTA. 



239 



and Liguria were acting in concert with them. He called Eavenna 

 on the north and the Epanterii of Liguria on the west, to aid him, 

 and commissioned two Yetulonian generals Marte Ijorsi and Honde 

 Serfie, to exterminate the Saluvii and the Marici who were special 

 objects of his hatred. Again, we find him at Sesterno on the borders 

 of Liguria, engaged in expelling the Insnbres with the aid of the 

 peoples of Comum and Cameliomagus. The Taurini in Dertona were 

 waveriilg, but the Inscription ends before the result of his appeal to 

 them can be stated. 



The two short Tables VII. b. and Y. b. contain, the one an in- 

 junction to have no dealings with Appei, with the Taurisci, Populonia 

 and the lord of Concordia ; the other, a statement of the tribute,' 

 which the Taurisci, Cenomani, Tigurini, Flamonienses and Isarci re- 

 fused to pay, and of the larger tribute im])osed upon them by the 

 new masters. 



The Umbrian Tables, therefore, form an historical document, deal- 

 ing as they do with a very important period and with very important 

 circumstances in the history of that portion of Italy which is em- 

 braced by them. From the ethnological and geographical notes 

 which are appended, it can readily be seen, that powerful evidence of 

 a corroborative kind in favour of the interpretation of the Tables 

 which is now advanced, can be gathered from Gi-eek and Latin his- 

 torians and geographers. An interpretation, then, which preS^ents 

 an important and continuous narrative and which furnishes an intel- 

 ligiljle and sufficient reason for the preparation of such Tables at all, 

 is a priori to be regarded as more sensible, and as possessed of a much 

 larger measure of verisimilitude than the interpretation which Breal 

 and others have offered. To contend that words denoting lapwings, 

 and magpies, and ravens, and crows, etc., occur in the Umbrian 

 Tables; to be told that such words as smurrim, tettum, rantim, per- 

 tum, etc., are Latin words, while it is clear that if they are Latin 

 words they have the very questionable merit of being original and 

 altogether unintelligible to the ordinary Latin scholar ; to be told 

 by Br^al that such interpretations as these are to be put on 

 some of the phrases that occur in tlie Tables (though no one has else- 

 where ever heard of a Fisian Hill, and of deities bearing the designa- 

 tion Die Grabovie, Trebo, Jovio, Marti Grabovie, Fiso Sancio) Die 

 Grabovie piato collen Fisium, sues al tiles tres facito Trebo Tovio pro 



