226 [Nov. 1, 



freestone Similar masses are seen in other parts of the island 

 borne of these fragments at Casal Garbo are variegated with yellow 



f. n ■^!' ff'^,,^'"^ "^^"^ ^°^ ornamental work under the name of 

 (tozo Marble. 



No, 2. 

 Next to the coral limestone occur two beds, which the author 

 groups together under the name of - Fellow Sandstone and Blue 

 Clay The upper of these two beds (B), which is about twenty 

 feet thick, consists of yellow sand or sandstone, with greenish-black 

 particles intermixed. It abounds in organic remains, many of which 

 differ from those of the coral limestone. One of its most characte- 

 ristic fossils is a small, very thin Nummulite, which sometimes is in 

 such quantity that it forms a third part of the bed to which it belong- 

 It occurs most abundantly in the cliffs of the Bay of Ramella on the 

 north-west coast of Gozo. These shells usually lie with their flat 

 sides parallel to the plane of stratification. Associated with the 

 Nummulites are sometimes layers of oysters. Wherever a section of 

 the yellow sand is visible, the teeth and bones of specie^ of ^hark 

 may be obtained. These are very abundant in Malta, in the^cliffs 

 of the north-west coast^^ and in Gozo; in the eastern hills, and in 

 the cliff beneath Fort Chambray, towards the south-eastern corner 

 of the island. (See catalogue, p. 230.) The yellow sand contains 

 also the bones and teeth of Cetacea ; but these are comparatively 

 rare 1 he lower of the two beds (C) consists of blue clay or 

 marl, from 100 to 120 feet thick. It contains two or three thick 

 layers of a lighter colour than the rest, but is not much disposed to 

 separate into thin layers of stratification. Imbedded in it are crystals 

 of gypsum, ana occasionally nodules of sulphur. The clay contains 

 a few organic remains. The Testacea are mostly species of Mitra &c 

 A Nautilus is lound, but rarely, under Fort Charabrav. With the 

 shells has been found the bone of a small Sepia. The fossils of the 

 clay generally serve as nuclei to irregular nodules of iron pyrites 

 and the substance of the fossils is also frequently converted into hy- 

 urated peroxide of iron. ^ 



No. 3. 



To the blue clay succeed five beds, of which the author forms one 

 group, denominated by him " Freestone." 



The clay passes into a white calcareous sandstone (D) from twenty 

 to thirty feet thick ; and below this is a bluish-grey or fawn-coloured 

 marl (E) about twenty feet thick. These two deposits crtainseve 

 ral species ot microscopic chambered shells 



Next are found from twenty to thirty feet of a pale yellow or 

 white calcareous freestone (F) separable into thin strata. It contains 

 nodules of flint, and the fossils of this bed are found in a siHcified 

 s^ate on the north-west side of Bengemma hills. This stone is some- 

 times used for bui ding,but it exfoliates by exposure to the weather 

 and more particularly when acted on by the sea. It contains a 

 Scalaria and other forms. Luntams a 



Below the upper bed of freestone is a bed, from two to eight feet 

 thick, of calcareous sandstone (G), of a pale chocolate colour and 



