378 



[April 17, 



This section is exhibited in a line, drawn north and south, from 

 the Cape to the serpentine hill, and goes through the fresh-water 

 deposits. In this locality I procured one of the Paludinas. 



Following the coast down on the west side of the promontory, 

 good sections of the shales and schists continue to be presented 

 at every headland ; but a few feet above the shore, under the 

 village of Kutchuk Baghcheh, a small detached portion of the 

 lacustrine deposit is again met with, extending for about half a 

 mile in length and overlaid by a stream of brown trachyte, shown 

 in the subjoined section. 



This trachyte is similar to that which Mr. Strickland has re- 

 marked as occurring near Bournabat, and at Mount Pagus, above 

 Smyrna. The trachyte contaijis fragments of an older basaltic 

 rock imbedded in it. 



The fourth example of the eruption of trappean matter is near 

 the N. W. point of the bay of Erytlxrje, and is shown in the annexed 

 section, which also indicates the relative superposition of the 

 shales and limestone. The only difference between the former 

 and those of Mount Corax is, that in the Karabournou district 

 there is a larger proportion of jasper interstratified with the shales 

 and schists. In every other respect it seems impossible to distin-i 

 guish the rocks of the two localities. 



Some time after making the observations in the Gulf of Smyrna 

 above recorded, I had an opportunity of examining a portion of 

 the coast opposite to Mitylene, near the islands of Adjano, where 

 phenomena occur similar to those in the Gulf of Smyrna, viz. ex- 

 tensive trappean eruptions overlying portions of the lacustrine de- 

 posits, corresponding with those of Smyrna, Vourla, and Kara- 

 bom'nou, and containing also black flints, as in all those localities, 

 the identity being in every respect perfect. These beds, therefore, 

 formed part of the great lake, although here the fossils were want- 

 ing. The trap forms a range of hills varying from 1000 to 2500 feet 

 in height, extending from the Gulf of Sandarlic to the Mosco-nisi 

 islands, at the bases of which the lacustrine deposits are occasion- 

 ally visible.. The largest portion of these is at Adjano, where the 

 deposits dip under a high mountain of trachyte at an angle of 30°, 



