506 [Jan. 22, 



genites, Le-pidodendron, and carbonized vegetable fragments are 

 frequent. 



Northward and westward of Pictou Harbour, is a series of rocks,' 

 nearly resembling those just described, and generally dipping toj 

 the south-east, at angles of 15° to 25°. In Rogers Hill, six miles! 

 westward of Pictou, are thick beds of coarse conglomerate, consi-' 

 derably disturbed, associated with greenstone and hard claystone, : 

 and showing, in one part, a thick vein of crystalline sulphate of 

 barytes. This conglomerate I believe to be geologically identical 

 with that of New Glasgow. It is succeeded by a great series of 

 deposits, chiefly consisting of reddish sandstones and shales ; but 

 including several thick beds of gi*ey sandstone, affording quarries 

 of valuable grindstone and freestone, and accompanied by grey 

 shales, conglomerates, thin beds of coarse limestone, and a thin bed 

 of coal. As there are no very good natural sections in this part of 

 the country, it would be difficult to ascertain the aggregate thick- 

 ness of these deposits ; it must, however, be great, since they oc- 

 cupy, with general south-east dips, the whole country from the 

 hills last named to the entrance of Pictou Harbour. The princi- 

 pal fossils found near Pictou, are Calamites, Lepidodendron, Endo- 

 genites, coniferous wood, ferns, Sternbergia, and carbonized frag-^ 

 ments of wood impregnated with iron pyrites and with sulphuret 

 and carbonate of copper. In this series, also, and near the town 

 of Pictou, is the bed of sandstone containing erect calamites, no- 

 ticed by Mr. Lyell in his papers on the fossil trees of the Joggins. 

 A section of the rocks accompanying this bed is annexed. 



Section of rocks of the Newer Coal Formation at Dickson's Mills, 

 near the town of Pictou (330 yards). 



5. Coarse reddisli sandstones with finer reddish and grey beds and shales, 

 especially in the lower part. Ferns and Stigmaria. 



4. Brov/n conglomerate not coarse. 



3. Reddish sandstones and shales. 



2. Grey sandstone coarse above and finer below (thickness 50 ft.), in upper 

 part prostrate Calamites and Lepidodendron ; lower part erect Calamites, concre- 

 tions of impure limestone with calamites and endogenites succeeding the sand- 

 stones. 



1. Reddish sandstones and shales with fucoid marks and impressions of ferns. 



The coast section, westward of the entrance of Pictou Harbour, 

 is for some distance very imperfect. Much red sandstone, how- 

 ever, appears ; and a bed of limestone from two to three feet thick, 

 and a small bed of coal, have been discovered. Some grey sand- 

 stones also appear : in one of which, of a coarse pebbly texture, 

 there are numerous fragments of carbonized wood, containing sul- 

 phuret and carbonate of copper. This deposit and others of a 

 similar nature, found in this series at various places, have given 



