— 
O. Fisher—On the Cromer Cliffs. 151 
Messrs. Wood and Rome’s series, did not occur in the Cromer cliffs. 
In fact, I thought that there was scarcely any of this deposit in 
Norfolk, except where it borders upon Suffolk. Perhaps I was 
wrong. But if Mr. Reid means by this term that same clay, which 
extends far inland, even to the west of this place, near Cambridge ; 
then I think that his explanation of its origin ought to cover the 
whole case. Are we to understand that an ice-sheet, descending 
* from the higher grounds of Lincolnshire, and from the chalk range 
a Chalk with ‘pan’ of crag and 
large flints. 
6 Laminated sandy clay, probably 
of the age of the forest bed. 
e * Laminated beds.” 
d Twisted and vertical beds of 
shingle, possibly deposited in 
a frozen state. 
e Sandy glacial clay. 
f Talus, 
Fic. 4.—Side view of the same mass, represented in Fig. 3, as seen from the west, 
three years later, when it had been considerably reduced in yolume, and the 
structure rendered more apparent. 
generally, flowed towards where is now the German Ocean, and 
brought with it as a ground moraine this great mass of material ; 
while another still mightier ice-sheet, coming from Scandinavia, met 
it, and prevailing against it along the coast of Norfolk, rode over the 
present coast-line, carrying beneath it masses of chalk derived from 
where is now the sea-bottom, and depositing them amidst the drift 
it was contorting: so that the chalky material of the Boulder-clay 
in the cliff has come from the east, while that of the inland mass has 
contemporaneously come from the west? Whither did these two 
great ice-flows send their mingled streams? Was there any water 
then in the German Ocean, or was it all ice? And lastly, is the 
‘glacial submergence” theory abandoned? For it appears to me 
that land-ice near the sea-level and submergence are incompatible, 
and deepened seas and seas filled with ice equally so. 
T ask all these questions in good faith. I possibly ought to know 
what the answer to them will be. But I do not; and some other 
of our craft may be as ignorant as myself, and be glad to read the 
replies. We none of us, J am sure, know all we could wish about 
the Glacial Period, its causes, and its effects; and discussion may 
be of service. 
