316 A. B. Wynne—Paleozoie Rocks of the N. Punjab. 
limestones’ supposed to be of Carboniferous age in the Jamu hills. 
I have not seen these latter rocks in the Jami country; so that I 
could never have suggested they resembled the Gandgarh rocks, as 
I am represented to have done.’ 
On the whole, it may be stated that the true age of the Attock slates 
is quite uncertain. From their position, the presumption would 
be that they are among the oldest rocks of the northern Punjab, 
and thus more likely perhaps to be Silurian or Cambrian than 
Carboniferous. Any other surmise is at present unsafe and un- 
warranted. 
The next group, the Tandls and their related Infra-Triassic cherty 
dolomites, etc., neither of them, afford any paleontological evidence as 
toage. Though the cherty dolomites of one region (Sirban) have 
been separated from the Trias above, because there was no proof that 
they belonged to that formation, it is equally true there is no proof 
that they do not. Appearances point to the greater or less identity of 
the Tan6l group, or some part of it, with the Infra-Trias dolomites, 
etc., or to the latter being merely a local form of the Tandls,—it may 
be, attendant upon the disappearance of the whole group southwards. 
The Tanol beds might with some apparent probability be assigned to 
the Carboniferous age, but it would be a mere guess. The group 
does not seem from description to resemble closely any of the 
neighbouring Kashmir subdivisions ; yet isolated areas of deposition 
once admitted, it might be correlated with any group older than Trias 
or with the lowest part of that formation. 
It is true the dolomites of one locality, or the quartzites of another, 
with or without slaty beds resembling Attock slates, are more 
prominent according to geographical place, and if laterally interrupted 
deposition took place, there would be no reason for supposing the 
Infra-Trias and Tandéls formed two groups instead of one, while in 
the absence of fossils it would be useless presumption to call the 
rocks of either Silurian. 
The physical relation of these Tandél rocks to the more highly 
altered superincumbent schists, gneiss, etc., is no new feature in 
Himalayan geology, and is one scarcely to be disposed of by hasty 
suggestions of inversion and faulting, unsupported by any analysis 
or synthesis of the method by which the local results were produced. 
In the present case these assumptions seem to be impossible on the 
hypothesis that the Tandéls and Infra-Trias form parts of one group 
resting unconformably upon the slates. And even setting this aside, 
it must be shown, in order to support the suggestion, how an 
anticlinal dome can be turned completely inside out, presenting a 
series of bedded rocks ‘overthrown’ so as to dip radially towards 
a central area for 30 miles across the strike, the really oldest beds 
forming the internal and uppermost strata of a basin. 
It is thought that the whole chain of the Pir Panjal between 
Kashmir and the Punjab forms a great anticlinal arch pushed over 
towards the plains so as to give inverted dips on the outer flank 
(Lydekker). In this case the inverted part of the section is disposed 
* Records, Geol. Surv. India, vol. xii. pt. 4, p. 184, foot. 
