364 8 R. Etheridge, jun.—Carboniferous Tubicolar Annelida. 
strata at Gameshill Quarry, near Stewarton, connected with the 
lowest or Howrat Limestone (=the Main or Hurlet lime) of the 
Ayrshire Field (Mr. A. Macconochie). In the Museum of Practical 
Geology, there is a specimen labelled “Kilbride,” probably meaning 
East Kilbride. 
14.—Serpula Torbanensis, Etheridge, jun. (PI. VII. Fig. 33.) 
S. Torbanensis, Eth. jun., Mem. Geol. Survey, Scot. Expl. 31, 1879, p. 80. 
Sp. char.—Tube elongate, either folded upon itself into a more or 
less oval loosely arranged coil, or many times convoluted and twisted 
in an irregular manner, but always with a tendency to assume the 
former condition ; coils sometimes piling towards the centre; section 
probably circular, or the tubes may have been a little angular; 
surface longitudinally wrinkled ; size of the coils from 1} to 3 lines 
in diameter. 
Obs.—I cannot refer this form to any of the Carboniferous 
Anuelids with which I am acquainted. Although exceedingly con- 
spicuous, little can be said in the way of description from the coiled 
and sometimes contorted manner in which its remains are preserved 
and converted into carbonate of iron. This has to a certain extent 
altered the surface-markings of the tubes; but it has, on the other 
hand, rendered its presence in the black ironstone so very con- 
spicuous, that it becomes necessary to, at least, designate the species 
by a name, more especially as, with the exception of a small Anthra- 
coptraform shell, occasionally seen, the Serpula is the prevailing 
fossil in the ironstone. S. Torbanensis occurs in the latter in 
thousands, at times scattered generally through the matrix, but at 
others grouped into small clusters of an inch or two in extent. It 
recalls to us certain of those forms met with in younger rocks, - 
rather than those we are accustomed to meet with in Carboniferous 
strata. Of the latter it approaches nearest to Serpula (Spirorbis) 
helicteres, Salter, but is quite distinct. 
Loc. and Horizon.—Pits at Boghead, Barbuchlaw, and Coppers, 
near Bathgate, in Blackband ironstone above and below the Boghead 
parrot coal (Torbane-hill mineral). Mr. J. Bennie. 
15.—Serpula vermetiformis, sp. nov. (Pl. VII. Fig. 34.) 
Sp. char.—Tube vermetiform, or obtusely turriculated, the whorls 
coiled one above the other, but with the exception of the two last 
scarcely touching. Hach whorl is cut across by a series of con- 
strictions on the upper part, and placed at irregular distances from 
one another. Surface dark and shining, with slightly wavy, trans- 
verse, delicate, and almost smooth annulations. 
Obs.—The tube of the specimen described is wound round a 
Productus, and there are traces of six whorls or turns of the tube, 
although it is probable from the appearance of the specimen that 
more existed. 
The constrictions placed at irregular distances along the tube 
have much the appearance presented by any yielding substance when 
tied across by a string or other confining medium. 
As I cannot refer this to any described species of Carboniferous 
