H. H. Howorth—The Mammoth in Siberia. 495 
Museum at Saint Petersburgh. When Adams found the remains, 
they were about 100 paces from the steep bank from which they 
had slid down. This bank was from 35 to 40 fathoms high, and the 
Tunguses reported that they lay at first under seven fathoms from 
the surface. Adams reported that the remains were found imbedded 
in a stratum of clear ice. 
The delta of the Lena has undergone considerable alterations, but 
the site of the discovery may still be made out. It is on an island 
marked as a peninsula in Wrangell’s map, but which is now an 
island, as appears from the staff survey map of the Russian govern- 
ment issued in 1855. It lies in the Polar Sea opposite the little 
station of Kumak Surka on the Lena. Its northern point is called 
Myss Bykofskoi, and its southern one Myss Mostach (the Manstai of 
Adams). 
During Schrenck’s journey across the Samoyede steppe in 18537, 
he heard of the discovery of two skeletons of pachyderms in the 
great peninsula of Karakhaiskaya which separates the Kara Sea 
from the Gulf of Obi. One of them was found on the left bank of 
the river Yerumbei or Yerubei, four or five years before Schrenck 
passed that way. It was described to him as being as big as a 
walrus, but without tusks. Schrenck suggests that it was the 
skeleton of a rhinoceros, but it may be that the tusks had been pre- 
viously broken off and carried away. It had apparently lain 
exposed a considerable time, and the bones were of a brown colour. 
Another skeleton not quite so perfect had been found ten years 
before on the same peninsula, and was well known to the Samoyedes 
(Baer, Bull. Sc. St. Peters. Acad. vol. x. op. cit. 278-279). 
In 1840, an entomologist named Motschulsky was at Tobolsk, 
where he was told by the Samoyedes that the spring of the previous 
year had been very wet. This had washed away a portion of the 
bank of the river Tas, a tributary of the Yenissei, and exposed the 
body of a frozen Mammoth. They had seen its head and one of its 
tusks, the latter of which they had detached and sold at Obdorsk. 
They reported that from the jaws of the animal there projected a 
tongue as long as that of a one year old reindeer, by which they no 
doubt meant the trunk of the animal. .Some difficulty has arisen 
about the exact locality of this Mammoth, as no such river as the 
Tas falls into the Yenissei, and Baer suggests that the Samoyedes 
may call the wide outlet of the latter river by that name. At all 
events, a merchant of Berezof, named Trofimof, undertook to bring 
the remains to Obdorsk, which he did, and they were found by him 
not far from the Yenissei, about 70 versts from its outfall into the 
sea near a cliff. This skeleton was removed to Moscow, and still 
remains in the museum there. Portions of hair and of the flesh still 
remained on it, upon which Professor Glebof has written. 
In 1848, Middendorf found the remains of a Mammoth near the 
river Taimyr, only 50 versts from the Polar Sea, in about 75° N.L. 
He describes the animal as but half grown. Its flesh had nearly 
decayed away, and the bones were soaked through from the great 
moisture of the clay in which they lay. They still retained their 
