518 Notices of Memoirs—Louwer Tertiaries of East Suffolk. 
places in Tyrone, Fermanagh, etc., of rocks lithologically identical 
with those in the Kiltorcan district, Co. Kilkenny; while these 
rocks, and also those at Kiltorcan, have similar relations to the 
Carboniferous Limestone. Furthermore, it is stated in the abstract 
referred to that the Upper Conglomerates are supposed to represent 
“the Upper Old Red Sandstone of Waterford,” yet Haughton, Baily, 
and others, years ago, proved that the Upper Old Red Sandstone of 
Waterford contains a like assemblage of fossils to those at Kiltorcan, 
Co. Kilkenny. This is a paradox that needs explanation. 
As the Carboniferous Slate of Cork County is the equivalent of the 
Carboniferous Limestone and its associated sandstones and shales, 
the Calp sandstones of Ulster must necessarily in part represent 
the Carboniferous Slate; but it is erroneous to state they are the 
equivalents of it or of the Coomhoola Grits, especially the latter, 
as those who are acquainted with the geology of West Cork are 
aware that the last-mentioned name was applied by Jukes to groups 
of grits that may occur on different horizons in the Carboniferous 
Slate. 
VI.—Nove on tHE Range or tHE Lower Tertiaries oF Hast 
SUFFOLK. 
By W. H. Darron, F.G.S., of H.M. Geological Survey. 
\HE Crags and Drifts of Hast Suffolk prevent more than an 
approximate delineation of the outcrop of the Chalk from 
beneath the Lower Tertiaries. 
The London-clay disappears from the surface a little west of 
Orford; but the deep boring at Sir E. Lacon’s Brewery in. Yar- 
mouth, made in 1840, passed through 170 feet of estuarine deposits, 
and then no less than 805 feet of London-clay and 51 of Reading 
beds, before reaching the Chalk. There could therefore be hardly a 
doubt of the continuity of the Eocene beds between Orford and 
Yarmouth, although their boundary-line might be for some part of 
its length outside of the present coast: indeed, in published maps, 
most of the interval is coloured as Chalk. 
The inhabitants of Suffolk are, however, awaking to the dis- 
advantages of a water-supply derived from ponds and sewage-tainted 
sands, and consequently Artesian wells, carried down into the 
Chalk, are increasing in number. 
The accounts of these wells (which will duly appear in the 
Memoirs of the Geological Survey) give the following indications 
of the position of the outcrop of the Chalk :— 
At Easton Park, Framlingham, Beccles, and Norwich, the Chalk 
1s covered directly by Crag or Drift. 
At Woodbridge, Saxmundham, Bramfield, and Yarmouth, a 
greater or less thickness of Lower Tertiary beds is present, and their 
boundary is probably three or four miles in and from these points. 
At Hoxne, afew feet of ‘green clay’ lying directly on the Chalk 
may possibly be an outlier of the Reading beds. 
The Lower Tertiaries, thus outlined, possess no special interest, 
