108 ANCIENT AND MODERN COINS IN CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



6. Syracuse. Obverse — Head of Arethusa* to r. ; a beaded fillet 

 confines the hair. Reverse — A sepia or cuttle-fish. Epigraph SYP. 

 [i.e. :SYPAKOSlON.] Quarter-drachma or obol. Weight— 12 grs. 



7. Syracuse. Obverse — An Eagle : in the field, three small globules. 

 [^=3 obols ?] |leverse — A Chimaera.f Half-drachma. Weight — 

 1 dwt. 17 grs. 



8. Thebes in Bceotia. Obverse — The Boeotian Shield. Reverse — 

 The Cantharus of Heracles, surmounted by his club. Legend — 

 ®EBH.| Half-drachma. Weight — 1 dwt. 15 grs. 



(b) MONARCHICAL. 



1. Philip II. of Macedon. Obverse — Head of Hercules, youthful 

 and vpearing a lion's scalp § Reverse — Jove seated, with eagle. Epi- 

 graph — $IAiniIOY, and monogram || denoting place of mint or artist's 

 name. Drachma. Weight — 2 dwt. 15 grs. 



2. Philip II. of Macedon, or Philip III. (Arrhidaeus), the successor 

 of Alexander. Obverse — Youthful Head to r., with royal bandlet.^ 

 Reverse- Horseman with causia.** Epigraph — <S>IAinnOY Mono- 

 grarn. Half-drachma. Weight — I dwt. 13 grs. 



* Syracuse, founded iu the 8th century, B.C., consisted of five towns or wards, 

 Acradina, Tycha, Epipolae, Neapolis, and Ortygia: in the latter, which was an 

 island attached to the shore by a bridge, rose the famous fountain of Arethusa, 

 the &jxiTvevtx.a irefiyhv 'A\;j>eQ) of Pindar, Nem. i. i. 



f Here represented triform in respect of heads, according to the Hesiodic 



tradition, not the Homeric, which Lucretius (v. 902) ridicules : — 



Qui fleri potuit, triplici cum corpore ut una 

 Prima Leo, postteitia Draco, media ipsa Chimaera 

 Ore foras aci em efflaret de corpore flammam ? 



The Chimaera was in reality a symbol of a volcanic district, like the Syracusan 

 neighborhood. 



X The E is archaic for H. This name is usually plural ; in II. xiv. 323, we have 

 ' PiKKix.i}V7)s 6v\ @ri^ri, an expression that refers to the myth alluded to in the Can- 

 tharus and club before us . [The sign H for long E, arose from aa.] 



§ Plutarch says of Alexander, the son of Philip, on tijd -yefei irphs Trarphs ^ev V 

 'lipaK\eidT)s airh Kapdvov, Vit. Alex. I. 



11 The ingenious and interesting combinations of many letters in one character, 

 called monograms, cannot be presented to the eye without the aid of the engraver. 



^ The simple fillet which, on some of the English coins, is seen on the head of 

 the Queen is the royal diadema. Its passing more than once round the head may 

 denote a plurality of crowns. 



** The broad-brimmed Macedonian hat to keep off the kSuo-is — the burning 

 heat of the sun. 



