110 ZOOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS MADE DURING [Jan. 4, 



sometimes giving somewhat the appearance of an Aplysina-hhre to 

 it ; generally with a fine dark axial line (rarely seen in the dry 

 specimen) ; transparent, pale yellow ; diameter •006334 to '038 

 milhm. in the spirit, -006334 to '057 in the dry specimen. 



Parenchyma brownish yellow, granular, subopaque in the spirit 

 specimen ; apparently represented by shreds of almost colourless 

 transparent material, carrying small and large foreign bodies, in the 

 dry one. 



Examined. In spirit in the dried state, and by mounting in 

 balsam. 



Hab. Tom Bay (Trinidad Channel, off chief island of Madre-de- 

 Dios archipelago), in S.W. Chili, 0-30 fathoms, on Idmonea 

 {Dr. Coppinyer). " Southern Seas " {Peron et Lesueur, apud La- 

 marck^). 



Obs. Advantage has been taken of the discovery of a good spirit 

 specimen to give the characters of the sponge in full, as Lamarck's 

 description is insufficient. 



Order Rhaphidonemata, Carter. 

 Chalina coppingeri, sp. n. (Plate X. fig. 2.) 



Sponge suboval, slightly compressed ; sessile by elongate base. 

 Colour bright amber-brown. Texture very elastic and soft. Sur- 

 face almost smooth. A single round vent on one side, 3 millims. in 

 diameter, penetrating deeply. Pores ? Skeleton Chalinoid, very 

 regular. Main primary fibres running at right angles to surface, 

 from which they project by sharp points by '088 to •32 millim., spicu- 

 lated throughout with two or three series of axially placed spicules ; 

 diameter of fibre -07 to "089 millim. Secondary fibres at right 

 angles to the preceding, and of about the same diameter ; spicula 

 1 -serial ; both kinds of a pale amber-colour, very distinctly laminated. 

 A young, intermediate series of fibres, parallel to each of the pre- 

 ceding, occupies the wide spaces which exist between them, containing 

 one series of spicula; diameter of fibre "006334 to '03167 miUim. 

 Dermal skeleton of same general structure as main skeleton, the 

 intermediate fibres form smaller and less regular meshes. Spicules 

 slender, smooth, acerate, straight or slightly curved, tapering to 

 sharp points from near to the ends, average maximum size "lOlS by 

 •0025 millim. ; sarcode transparent, almost colourless, with scattered 

 spicula. 



Examined. In spirit and by mounting in balsam. 



Hab. Victoria Bank^, off S.E. Brazil, 39 fathoms ; growing on 

 an erect calcareous Polyzoon. One specimen. 



Obs. This Sponge is of the shape, and about two thirds the size, of 

 a hazel-nut ; it has lost most of its sarcode, but is otherwise well 

 preserved. The MS. species C. argus, Schmidt, from Florida, 

 resembles it very closely in microscopic characters ; but the fibre is 



' Loc. cit. siqjra. 



^ This bank is not marked in the ordinary maps ; its position is lat. 20° 42' S., 

 long. 37° 27' W. 



