1881.] 



ANATOMY OF THE EPOMOl'HORI. 



691 



very restricted backwards-and-forwards motion ; the epihyals are 

 lozenge-shaped, expanded, as iu E. franqueti, but quite flat, and 

 give attachment to tlie same muscles as in that species; but their 

 infero-external extremities are not produced into prominent cornua 

 as in that species ; for there are no mylo-hyoids to support, the place 

 of these muscles being taken by the united anterior bellies of the 

 digastrics, which extend across as a thick muscular fold from side 

 to side, and so far back as to cover the body of the hyoid bone, to 

 which, however, it is not attached, being connected only with the 

 superficial fascia extending backwards over the sterno-hyoid muscles. 



Fig. 6. 



Hyoid bones and muscles of Epomophorus macrocephahis (enlarged). 

 b.hy, basihyal bone; ih.h/, tliyrobyal bone; cer.hy, ceratoliyal bone, small, 

 almost ankylosed with the prominent anterior margin of tlie basi- 

 hyal ; ep.liy, epihyal bone, dislocated forwards, showing its flat, or 

 very slightly concave, outer surface; stjiy, stylo-hyoid muscle; g.hy 

 and hy.gJ, gonio-hyoid and hyo-glossus muscles passing forwards 

 over the prominent anterior margins of the basihyal and ceratohyal 

 bones. 



On dividing and reflecting the digastrics the genio-hyoid muscles at 

 once come into view, arising from the body of the hyoid bone })0S- 

 teriorly, and passing forwards over the prominent flat edge of its 

 produced anterior part, as over a pulley, being there also supported 

 on a pad of dense ligamentous tissue which occupies part of the 

 space in front of the epiglottis, arising from the inner sides of the 

 box-like compartment formed by the expanded hyoid bones, and 

 extending also laterally outwards as a thick ligamentous band on 

 each side across the articulation of the epihyal with the ceratohyal 

 bone, and between the former and the fleshy tendon of the hyo- 



