1881.] 'lightning' AND ' PORCUPINE ' EXPEDITIONS. 701 



Distribution. South of England to the Mediterranean, Adriatic, 

 iEgean and eastwards, Madeira, Canaries; "Tasmania and South 

 Australia, common" (Tenison-Woods)! ; 2-120 fms. 



Fossil. PHocene and Post-tertiary : Norfolk and Suffolk, Killiney 

 near Dublin, Biot, Italy, and Madeira. 



Cardium discors of Montagu, Lucina commutaia of Philippi, and 

 four other synonyms. 



u 1. Lucina spinifera, Montagu. 



Fenus spinifera, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 577, t. 17. f. 1. 



Lucina spinifera, B. C. ii. p. 240; v. p. 179, pi. xxxii. f, 6. 



'Porcupine' Exp. 1869: St. 2, 6, 9, 13, 18, 33, Little Minch, 

 near Belfast. 1870: Atlantic, 9, Vigo B., 16, 17, Setubal B., 22, 

 25, off C. Sagres, 30 ; Mediterranean, 45, Cartagena B., 50, 55, 

 Benzert Road, Adventure Bank, off Rinaldo's Chair. 



Distribution. Nordland to the Sea of Marmora, Adriatic, Mo- 

 gador, Madeira, Canaries, and Azores; 5-120 fms. 



Fossil. Miocene, Pliocene, and Post-tertiary : Sweden, Caithness, 

 and throughout Europe to Rhodes. 



Very variable as to the number and size of the ridges. Eight 

 synonyms. 



^ 2. Lucina borealis, Linue. 



Fenus borealis, L. S. N. p. 1134. 



Lucina borealis, B. C. ii. p. 242, pi. v, f. 5; v. p. 179, pi. xxxii. 

 f. 7. 



'Porcupine' Exp. 1869: St. 13, 14, 18, 25, 33, 3.5, 68. 1870: 

 Atlantic, 9, 10, 29, 30, Tangier B. ; Mediterranean, Capo de Gata, 

 Adventure Bank. 



Distribution. Vadso and Faroe Isles to Sea of Marmora, Adriatic, 

 Mogador, E. and W. coasts of North America (P. Carpenter 8; 

 Cooper)'?, Philippines (Reeve) 1 ; low water-175 fms. 



Fossil. Miocene, Pliocene, and Post-tertiary : Iceland, Norway and 

 Sweden, Great Britain and Ireland, throughout continental Europe 

 to Mogador and Rhodes, W. coast of N. America?; 0-150 ft. 



A small variety inhabits brackish water in the Isle of Arran. 

 Eleven synonyms. 



^1. Axinus flexuosus, Montagu. 

 Tellina Jlexuosa, Mont. Test, Brit. p. 72. 



Axinus flexuosus, B. C. ii. p. 247, pi. v. f . 6 ; v. p. 179, pi. xxxiii. 

 f. 1, Irt. 



' Lightning' Exp. St. 1, 3 (var. rotunda. More circular and sym- 

 metrical, and not so globose, having the fold or groove very slight 

 and only perceptible on the inside ; perhaps a distinct species). 



'Porcupine' Exp. 1869: St. 14 (y&x. polygona), 25 (same va- 

 riety), 18, Lough FoUe, 35, 39, 62 (var. rotunda), 40 (\a.r. poly- 

 ffona). Loch Torridon. 1870 : Atlantic, 3 (var. rotunda), 9 (var. 

 sarsii), 10 (y&r. polygona), Vigo B. (same variety), 13 (same va- 



