708 DR. GWYN JEFFREYS ON THE MOLLUSCA OF THE [JunC 7, 



Fossil. Upper Tertiaiies : British Isles, S. France, Italy. Post- 

 tertiary : Scandinavia, England and Ireland, and Calabria, 



C. pygmceum of Donovan, and other synonyms. According to 

 Mamo, Maltese specimens spin a byssus. 



1/ %. Cardium fasciatum, Montagu. 



C.fasciatum, Mont. Test. Brit. Suppl. p. 30 : B. C. ii. p. 281 ; 

 V, p. 181, pi. XXXV. f. 3. 



'Porcupine' Exp, 1869 : St. 2, 68. 



Distribution. Iceland, Faroe Is., Siberian coasts, Vadso to E. 

 Mediterranean, Adriatic, Mogador, Canaries, Azores?; 3-180 fms. 



Fossil. Miocene : Calabria. Upper Tertiaries and Post-tertiary : 

 Scandinavia, British Isles, Calabria; 0-150 ft. 



I give a few more particulars of the animal or soft parts. 



Body pale yellowish-vrhite : mantle thick, protruded considerably 

 beyond the valves of the shell, scalloped on the anterior side : tubes 

 very short, clothed with scattered white cirri of different lengths; 

 orifice of the lower or larger tube encircled by rather short and 

 bluntly pointed stiff, equal-sized cilia ; orifice of the upper or smaller 

 tube plain-edged, mamillar, and furnished with the usual hyaline 

 valve : foot very extensile. 



Synonyms numerous. I am inclined to regard C. pinnulatum of 

 Conrad, a common North- American shell, as a variety of the present 

 species ; the only difference seems to consist in the rather more 

 oblique contour of C.fasciatum. 



l/ 9. Cardium nodosum, Turton. 



G. nodosum, Turt, Conch. Dith. p. 186, t. 13. f . 8 : B.C. ii. 

 p. 283; V. p. 181, pi. XXXV. f. 4. 



' Porcupine ' Exp. 1 870 : Atl. St. 2, 6, C. Sagres, 30, Tangier B. ; 

 Med. Algesiras B. 



Distribution. Faroe Is., Hammerfest to Palermo, Adriatic ; 

 0-145 fms. 



Fossil. Upper Tertiaries and Post-tertiary : Norway, Red and 

 Norwich Crag, Ireland, S. France, Italy ; 0-130 ft. 



C. roseum of Lamarck, and a few other more doubtful synonyms. 

 There seems to be no use in trying to unravel the tangled skein of 

 the synonymy of this and some of the foregoing species. 



^10, Cardium edule, Linne, 



C. edule, L, S. N. p. 1124: B. C.ii. p. 286, pi, v. f. 9 ; v, p. 182. 

 pi. XXXV. f. 5. 



'Porcupine' Exp. 1869 : St. Galway B. (var, rustica), Donegal 

 B. 1870 : Atl. "Vigo B. ; Med, G. Tunis (var. rustica). 



Distribution. All the coasts of Europe and N. Africa, from 

 Iceland and Finmark to Egypt and Morocco, Caspian Sea, Canary Is. ; 

 shore- 10 fms. 



Fossil. Miocene and Upper Tertiaries : throughout Europe, 

 Rhodes, Cyprus, and the Sahara. Post-tertiary : Scandinavia, 

 British Isles, Calabria; 0-1360 ft. 



