876 MR. H. J. ELWES ON THE BUTTERFLIES [NoV. 15, 



same place and at the same time as A. cratcegi. It may, however, be 

 certainly distinguished from that species not only by the shape of 

 the wings, which are longer, especially behind, but by the yellow 

 spot at the base of the hind wing below, a character which only 

 failed in one specimen of a long series which I examined in Dr. 

 Staudinger's collection. 



Aporia CRATiEGi, Linn. Syst. Nat. x. p. 467. 



Found in various parts of the Amur region and in Japan, but 

 not in China as far as I know at present. Agrees perfectly with 

 European specimens. 



PiERis BRASSic.E, Limi,, var. crucivora, Boisd. Sp. Gen. i. 

 p. 522(1830). 



The form of P. brassiere found in Japan, which is not mentioned 

 by Bremer, differs from the European form in the male having the 

 spots on fore wing showing on the upper surface more or less dis- 

 tinctly, and in the colour of the hind wings below, which are paler 

 and less covered with black specks ; the female is of a more shining 

 white, the fore wings clouded over the greater part of their surface 

 with blackish, and the cell and costa of fore wings beneath greenish, 

 which character is also observable in the male. In fact the Japanese 

 specimens seem to me more nearly allied to P. r«p« than to 

 P. brassiccB. 



I have males from Shanghai and Amurland which agree with 

 Japanese males. The latter is considered by Dr. Staudinger a form 

 of P. rapce, which is said by Bremer to be found in the Bureija 

 Mountains. It is, however, rare in Amurland. 



The form described by M. Oberthiir as P. rajxE, var. orientalis, 

 Ober. Et. Ent. v. p. 13 (1880), from Askold, Japan, and North 

 China, is probably the same as what I have mentioned above. 



P. MELETE, Men. Cat. Mus. Petr. p. 113, t. x. figs. 1-2 (1855). 



The summer form of this is well figured by Menetries, and is 

 easily distinguished ; but the spring brood is much nearer to 

 P. napi. 



One male sent me by Dr. Staudinger, from Amurland, is almost 

 devoid of the heavy markings on the upperside, and, except in tint, 

 which is less yellow, resembles the male summer form P. castoria 

 from California. I have from Askold and from Yokohama female 

 specimens which are intermediate between P. melete and P. napi on 

 tlie upper surface, and resemble P. bryonice beneath. According to 

 Boisduval P. melete is found in the Himalaya ; and I have specimens 

 from the Khasia hills and Sikkim quite undistinguishable from Japa- 

 nese and Askold specimens. 



Pieris ajaka, Moore, from the N.W. Himalaya, seems very nearly 

 allied ; and P. davidis, Oberthiir, from Moupin, must be studied in 

 connexion with this group. 



