896 MR. H. J. ELWES ON THE BUTTERFLIES [NoV. 15, 



JuNONiA ALMANA, Linii. Mus. Ulr. p. 272. 

 In Prver's collection, from Shanghai. 



J. ASTERiA, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 7C9. 

 In Fryer's collection from Shanghai. 



J. ORiTHYA, Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 2/8. 

 Recorded from Japan by Murray. 



Vanessa levana, Linn. Syst. x. p.480. 



Var. prorsa, Linn. Syst. Nat. x. p. 480. 



Ah. porima, Ochs. i. I, p. 134. 



Araschnia fallax, Jans. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 2/1 (1878). 



This species occurs in both its spring and summer forms in various 

 parts of the Amur region, V. levana having been taken in June, and 

 both forms at Raddefskaia by Christoph. I have also seen what I 

 believe to be a form of the same species in Dr. Staudinger's collec- 

 tion from some part of North China ; and, if I am correct in refer- 

 ring V. fallax to this species, it is also found in Japan. Mr. Janson 

 says that Mr. Jonas finds V. burejana and V. fallax in Japan at the 

 same season and in different localities, and infers from this that it 

 cannot be a form of V. burejana, to which he considers it most nearly 

 allied. In fact it is hardly distinguished from some European spe- 

 cimens of the form known as V. porima, which is believed to be the 

 produce of pupae of V. levana which from some cause have been 

 checked in their development ; and Dr. Staudinger tells me that 

 this variety can be bred by exposing the pupae to cold. 



V. fallax differs from V, porima only in having the transverse band 

 rather more yellow in colour ; and it may possibly be a single-brooded 

 Japanese form of V. levana. The Chinese specimens, though much 

 larger, come nearer to the Japanese than to the Amur form. 



Blauchard, in ' Comptes Rendus Acad. Sciences,' 1871, p. 810, 

 mentions Vanessa prorsa as being found by Abbe David in E. Thibet, 

 and also names Vanessa prorsoides and a variety levanoides, which 

 he says differ from V. prorsa and V. levana in being larger. 



V. burejana, Brem. Lep. Ost-Sib. p. 15, t. i. fig. 8. 



Araschnia strigosa, Butler, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. ix. p. 54 

 (1866). 



This species is found in most parts of the Amur region, and less 

 commonly in Japan. 



I think there is little doubt of the identity of V. strigosa, though 

 I have seen but few specimens of the Japanese insect. 



V. l-album. 



Only seen from the Ussuri and from Japan, where it seems rare. 

 The Japanese insect seems intermediate between the European and 

 the American form known as j-album ; but probablv the latter is 

 not really separable. Mr. Strecker says (in his Catalogue, p. 133) 

 that the European and American forms cannot be separated. 



