56 C. B. Eastman — Fossil Bird and Fish Remains 



The pelvis leaves much to be desired in the way of preservation. 

 It presents the visceral aspect to view, the sacro-iliac roof being 

 embedded in the rock ; part of the sacrum is concealed by the 

 overlying left femur. The anterior border of the ilium is convex ; 

 the post-acetabular portion is broader than the fore part, but of 

 about equal length. The right acetabulum is distinctly shown, and 

 measures 3-5 ram. in diameter. Just behind it lies the elongate- 

 elliptical ischiadic foramen, and at the junction with the pubis is 

 seen a very small obturator foramen. The pubes are long and 

 delicate, slightly convex outward, and do not appear to have been 

 attached to the ischia posteriorly. Only the first two caudal 

 vertebrae are preserved. Concretionary structures are the cause of 

 the discolorations in line with the distal extremities of the pubes, 

 and adjacent to the left scapula. 



The bones of the hind-limb are all more or less flattened by 

 pressure. The femora are stout, nearly straight, and exhibit 

 moderate - sized rotular channels and distal condyles. The left 

 tibia is seen from the fibular side, with the fibula itself — together 

 with the procnemial and ectocnemial processes — very much, 

 flattened. Of the distal condyles the inner is slightly the larger in 

 fore-and-aft extent, the outer in transverse. An oblique bridge 

 over the groove for the extensor tendons is faintly indicated close to 

 the condyles. The tarso-metatarsus is flattened from front to back, 

 traversed by a deep longitudinal groove along nearly the entire 

 anterior face, has the external tibial facet on a lower level than the 

 internal, and the second and fourth trochleee of about equal size. 

 The phalangeals of the first three toes ai"e of about the same 

 proportions as in the common pigeon, those of the fourth toe are 

 longer. The proportions of principal parts are given in the 

 subjoined table : — 



Table of Measurements. 

 Length in mm. Length in mm. 



Head 48 



Scapula 48 



Coracoid 27 



Furculum ... 33 



Crista sterni ... 68 



Humerus 47 



Ulna 49 



Eadius 45 



Manus 46 



Femur 42 



Tibia 68 



Tarso-metatarsus 34 



I. Digit (7 + 4) 11 



II. „ (ll+8-t-6) 25 



III. „ (12 -1- 10 + 8 -H 6) ... 36 



IV. „ (7-5 + 5-5 + 4+4 + P4) 25 

 Height of knee-joint (estimated) ... 90 mm. 



Total height (estimated) 220 mm. 



Six cervical vertebras are discernible in section between the occiput 

 and distal portion of the left humerus, the length of the series being 

 4-5 mm. Possibly six or seven more lie concealed beneath the 

 humeri and glenoidal end of the right scapula. Measuring along 

 the loop indicated by the position of the vertebral column gives 

 a length of 85 mm. for the entire series of cervicals ; the length of 

 the dorsal series cannot be precisely estimated. 



BelationsJiips. — The characters outlined in the above cannot be 

 brought into strict agreement with any one modern ornithic family, 



