80 Reviews — Indian Geologij. 



value, while, owing to the silting up of the estuaries of the great 

 rivers, no craft of any size can ascend to any point within the State 

 boundaries. 



The northern half of the State lies entirely inland along the 

 valleys of Mahi, Sabarmati, and Sarasvati Rivers. 



The drainage of the Gujarat divisions of Baroda State all falls 

 westward into the Arabian Sea, and, excepting that of the most 

 northerly taluqs, which are drained by the Banass and Saraswati 

 Eivers into the Eunn of Kach, falls into the Gulf of Cambay, which 

 receives such a vast amount of silt brought down by the larger 

 rivers that it is rapidly being silted up, as shown by the present 

 condition of the harbours of Surat, Broach, and Cambay. Not two 

 centuries ago the seaports were visited by fleets of shipping of the 

 ordinary size of the traders of those days. Now they are with 

 difficulty reached by vessels of as low a tonnage as about 30 tons. 



The succession of the rocks met with in the Gujarat divisions of 

 Baroda State are referable to the following groups, which are here 

 arranged in descending order : — 



VI. Recent (b) Subaerial Formations. — Blown sands ; soils ; the 

 great blown loam or ' Loess ' formation ; fluviatile and 

 marine alluvia. 



(a) Old Alluvia of the Great Eivers. — Consolidated grits 

 and ferruginous gravels of the Sabarmati, Mahi, and Tapti 

 Quaternary deposits. 



V. The Eocene {Niimmulitic) System. — Clays, cement-stones, lime- 

 stones, conglomerates, and laterites of the Kim and Tapti 

 Valleys. Laterites and sandstones of the Sabarmati Valley. 

 Laterites of Purna and Ambika Valleys. 



IV. The Deccan Trap (Cretaceous) and Inter trappean RocJcs. — Traps 

 and intertrappean rocks of the Mohar Valley (Atarsumba). 

 Traps and intertrappean rocks of the Mahi Vallej'' (Sauli 

 taluq). Intertrappean rocks in the Vishwamitri. Traps in 

 the Dev Eiver. Traps in the valley of the Heran. Spurs of 

 the Eajpipla Hills north of the Tapti. Spurs of the Sahyadri 

 range south of the Tapti. Dykes traversing the southern 

 trap area. 



III. The JBagh Series. — Songir conglomerates and sandstones in 

 Sankheda taluq, and conglomerates and limestones in Sauli 

 taluq. 



II. The Champanir System. — Quartzites forming the hills north of 

 the Orsang Eiver. Quartzites, limestones, calcareous schists, 

 clay schists, and slates in the valley of Heran and Aswan 

 Eivers. 



I. The Archcean Bocks. — Granite with pegmatite veins of the Upper 

 Sabarmati Valleys. Granites, gneisses, and crystalline lime- 

 stones of the Orsang and Unch Valleys, Sankheda taluq. 

 Intrusive rocks, pegmatites, quartz reefs, and trap-dykes. 

 Although 60 much of the country is masked b}'^ deep coverings 



of alluvium, of sand, loess, and other late deposits, the Eocene 



(Nummulitic) System, where it occurs, yields some fossils which 



