A. VaugJuin Jennings — Geology of Bad Nauheim. 357 



yielding 284,500 litres a day, with 2^ per cent, of salt and a 

 temperature of 25° R. The second, made in 1824, was 153 metres 

 in depth ; it gave water of similar composition at 21° R. Nos. 3 

 and 4 were stopped at 31 and 22 metres respectively. 



These four^ were bored near together in a N.E.-S.W. line on 

 the south-east side of the circular ' platz ' which now occupies the 

 centre of the park. No. 5 seems to have been a little north- 

 west of these, and was undertaken in 1838. At 32 metres it gave 

 a supply of 397 cubic metres per day, with 3 "55 per cent, of solid 

 matter and with a temperature of 26° R. The ' Alte Kurbrunnen,' 

 known as No. 6, was situated about 100 yards further east, and at 

 19 metres produced a similar spring with temperature 18° R. 



The great boring made in 1839, No. 7, going down to a depth 

 of 159 metres, shares with the last of all (12) the responsibility of 

 supplying the great system of baths. It had been carried down to 

 a depth of 159 metres when, as there was no result, the works 

 were abandoned. In December, 1846, after violent thunderstorms 

 and heavy rains lasting for some days, there was a sudden rush of 

 water up the deserted shaft, and the sujjply has never stopped since. 

 The water contains a large quantity of carbon dioxide, and solids 

 to the extent of 3-5 per cent., with a temperature of 26-29 R. 



Numbers 8 and 9 were experimental borings made a short distance 

 to the northward (between the 'Waitz' tower and the Teich) ; but 

 the temperature of the water was much lower and the general result 

 unsatisfactory. 



The tenth attempt, made a mile south by the third ' gradirwerk,' 

 could only be carried to 65 metres, when it gave an effervescent 

 water with much bicarbonate of soda. It is much used as a 

 medicinal drinking water, and is known as the Ludwig's Quelle 

 (Ludwigsbrunnen). 



The eleventh was a small boi-ing 29 metres deep, which sub- 

 sequently ceased to give any supply. 



Lastly, the twelfth, now the Friedrich-Wilhelm's Quelle, was 

 bored in 1855 to a depth of 180 metres, with an 18 cm. diameter. 

 The water did not rise spontaneously at first, and two hand-pumps 

 were employed. In about half an hour a column of water charged 

 with carbon dioxide rose suddenly in the boring, blowing up the 

 pumping apparatus and rising 16 metres above the ground. It was 

 found to give 1,214 cubic metres in the 24 hours, with a temperature 

 of 30° R. and 4-3 per cent, of dissolved solids. The boring is situated 

 only 4 metres east of No. 7, and the two together supply practically 

 the whole bath system. The ordinary thermal brine baths are derived 

 mainly from 12, but there are underground pipes from both sources 

 to supply the effervescent baths, or ' sprudel-biider,' in the bath- 

 houses 1 and 5. 



1 In the plan (Fig. 3) I have unfortunately numbered these four from west to east, 

 instead of iu the reverse order, as correctly shown in the sections (Figs. 4 and 5), but 

 their close proximity and the fact that 2 is the only deep one renders the error of 

 no importance. 



