Obituary— John Young, LL.D., F.G.S. 383 



From the Old Eed Sandstone, lying below, he carefully noted the 

 sequence of the several members of (1) the "Calciferous Sandstone 

 Series," including the Ballagan Limestone Series and the Trap 

 Series ; and (2) the several members of the " Lower Limestone 

 Series," belonging to the great Lower Carboniferous Formation, 

 and equivalent in part to the Mountain Limestone of England. The 

 successive members of this " Lower Limestone " group in ascending 

 order and divisible by their constitution and their fossils, he defined 

 as that of Mill Burn, of Balgrochen Burn, of Balglass Burn, of 

 Craigen Glen, of the Main Limestone and Coal, of the Hosie Lime- 

 stone, and of Corrie Burn. The Balquarhage Series, belonging to 

 the " Upper Limestone," also occurs. 



In the above-mentioned groups of strata there are several seams of 

 coal, of not very good quality. There are some good cement-stones; 

 and a large proportion of the Campsie shales contain useful iron- 

 stone. Others of them are good oil-shales, in which the crowded 

 organisms, such as Entomostraca, have supplied, as he shows, the 

 hydrocarbon. Marine shells are abundant in many of the strata, 

 but in some limestones and shales they are wanting, only remains 

 of plants, fishes, and Entomostraca remaining in evidence of what is 

 regarded as estuarine conditions of these particular deposits. By 

 further research John Young and his colleagues elucidated the 

 relationship of these interesting sti'ata of Campsie to those of other 

 parts of Western Scotland and elsewhere. Faults, causing a dis- 

 placement of the strata, were carefully observed by John Young in 

 the Campsie valley (the greenstone dyke at Milton for instance), 

 and the great Eddlewood fault in the Lanarkshire Coalfield. 



The ujipermost deposits in the region referred to belong to the 

 Erratics of the Quaternary period, such as the boulder-till and the 

 sands and gravels that wei'e washed out of old moraines ; and these 

 have been cut into and variously modified by river-action since the 

 last uprise of the country. Surface scratchings and other glacial 

 markings are frequent. A striking monument to John Young's 

 industry and acumen in glacial geology exists in the Hunterian 

 Museum, where he accumulated and laid out carefully for inspection 

 a well-selected and extensive series of boulders and striated stones 

 (190 varieties) excavated from the local Boulder-till in digging the 

 foundations of the noble University on the crown of Gilmore Hill. 

 In the Museum there they now constitute a valued "memorial of the 

 great variety of travelled rocks found on the site," as John Young 

 intended (Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, vol. iii, 1871, p. 304). Indeed, 

 he showed that the hill itself comprises a characteristic succession of 

 the Lower and Upper Limestone Series, mentioned above as having 

 been elucidated by his researches at Camjosie and elsewhere. 



In collecting and determining the multitude of fossils from the 

 Carboniferous strata, not only of the vicinity of Glasgow, but 

 throughout the rich middle basin of Scotland, from the Firth of 

 Clyde to the Firth of Forth, he greatly advanced his favourite 

 science. He gained much experience in the discrimination of 

 Lamellibranchiata and Brachiopoda, studying their shell-structure 

 minutely under the microscope. Polyzoa were frequently described 



