36 Henry Gannett — Movements of our Population. 



In the first of these periods the number was trifling; between 

 1830 and 1840 it rose to nearly 600,000 ; in the next decade it 

 nearly tripled, and between 1850 and 1860 reached 2,580.000. 

 Between 1860 and 1870 the number diminished, owing to our 

 internal troubles ; but in the next decade it rose again higher 

 than ever before, approaching three millions, and in 1880 to 1890 

 it reached the enormous number of 5,250,000, more than one-third 

 of the whole immigration, almost double the number which came 

 in the preceding decade, and more than double the number which 

 arrived in any other decade. The following table shows the 

 principal constituents of the immigration during each decade, 

 from which it appears that the Irish, British and Germans have 

 constituted the bulk of the immigration. Indeed, down to 1860 

 other elements were trifling in amount. Between 1860 and 1870 

 Scandinavians and Canadians commenced to appear and have 

 increased with great rapidity. Other elements, and much less 

 desirable ones, such as Hungarians, Bohemians, Italians and 

 Poles, appear first in considerable number so recently as between 

 1870 and 1880, and, indeed, it is only within the last decade that 

 any considerable numbers of them have come over. The danger 

 to be apprehended from them is not from the numbers which 

 have already arrived, for they are inconsiderable, but from the 

 fact that the immigration is increasing at a tremendous rate, so 

 that if continued for a quarter of a century they will become of 

 considerable numerical importance. 



Principal Constituents of the Immigration. 



Nationalit}'. 



Canada... 



Ireland 



England and Wales 



Scotland 



Norway and Sweden 



Denmark 



Russia and Poland 



Hungary 



Italy 



Germany 



France 



Netherlands 



1821 



to 



1830. 



2 277 



50*724 



14,225 



2,912 



91 



169 



91 



408 

 6,761 

 8,497 

 1,078 



1831 



to 

 1840. 



13,624 

 207,381 

 7,796 

 2,667 

 1,201 

 1,003 

 640 



2,253 



152,454 



45,575 



1,412 



1841 



to 



1850. 



41,723 



780,719 



33,353 



3,712 



13,903 



539 



656 



1,870 



434,626 



77,262 



8,251 



1851 



to 



1860. 



59,309 



914,119 



253,444 



38,331 



20,931 



3,749 



1,621 



9,231 



951,667 



76,358 



10,789 



1S61 



to 

 1870. 



153,872 



435,778 



226,570 



38,769 



109,298 



17,094 



4,539 



7,800 



11,725 



787,468 



35,986 



9,102 



1871 



to 



1880. 



383,269 



436,871 



444,337 



87,564 



211,245 



31,771 



52,260 



72,969 



55,759 



718,182 



72,206 



16,541 



1881 

 to 

 1890. 



392,802* 



655,482 



657,280 



149,8(i9 



568,362 



88,132 



265,088 



353,719 



307,309 



1,452,970 



50,464 



53,701 



■ Five years only. 



In recent years the character of the immigration has changed 

 for the worse not only by this increase of these undesirable 



