8o 



The National Geographic Magazine 



wa}^" "The Colonial Systems of the 

 World," "Submarine and Tand Tele- 

 graphs of the World," etc., etc. 



His earlier literary work prior to his 

 entrance upon official life consists of a 

 .series of books on national affairs es- 

 pecially intended for the instruction of 

 youth, including "Uncle Sam's Se- 



crets," "Uncle Sam's Soldiers," while 

 others of the series are still in prepara- 

 tion. 



Mr. Austin is a member of the Na- 

 tional Geographic Society, and as such 

 his recent contributions to geographic 

 and commercial information have been 

 very favorabl}^ received and highly com- 

 mended. 



CUBA AND PORTO RICO, 



THR U. S. War Department has re- 

 cently published two volumes con- 

 taining the results of the census of Cuba 

 and Porto Rico, tak^n in the fall of 1899 

 under the direction of military officers. 



The volumes are indispensable to those 

 who wish to obtain an accurate under- 

 standing of the present condition of these 

 people. 



The facts presented in the reports were 

 gathered in all cases by the people them- 

 selves, as the most intelligent of the 

 better classes were induced to compete 

 for positions as census-takers by the rela- 

 tively handsome salaries offered b}' the 

 U. S. Government. The facts thus 

 gathered were classified under the di- 

 rection of Messrs. Henrj^ Gannett and 

 Walter F. W^ilcox, statistical experts. 



These handsomely gotten up vol- 

 umes, containing many good illustra- 

 tions, charts, and diagrams which em- 

 phasize the figures, can be obtained 

 gratis on application to the War De- 

 partment. Extracts from these reports, 

 taken from advance sheets, have ap- 

 peared from time to time in this Maga- 

 zine, but some further notice may be of 

 interest. 



Porto Rico has only one-third of its 

 population engaged in gainful occupa- 

 tions, while in Cuba the proportion is 

 about two-fifths, and in the United States 

 it is about midway between these two. 

 It appears that the relative number of 

 breadwinners is greater in cities than 

 in rural districts. In Porto Rico a rela- 

 tively larger proportion of women work 

 for a livelihood than in Cuba, although 

 the proportion is decidedly less than in 

 the United States. 



It is interesting to compare the kinds of 

 occupation most popular in the islands. 

 In Porto Rico sixty-nine in every 100 

 working persons labor on farms, planta- 

 tions, in mines, or are engaged in fishing. 

 In Cuba 48 in every 100, while in the 

 United States only 39 are so engaged. 

 In the mantifacturing and mechanical 

 industries, however, these proportions 

 are reversed ; in Porto Rico 8 in every 

 100, in Cuba 15, and in the United 

 States 22 earn their living by trans- 

 forming raw material into new forms. 



