114 The National Geographic Magazine 



mean annual temperature of the ocean 

 in the vicinit}' of the cit3^ During the 

 summer months, owing to the fog, there 

 is usually a cooling of at least 1 1 de- 

 grees at the lower stations; but in winter 

 naturally these conditions are reversed, 

 the temperature near the sea remaining 

 higher than on the mountain. The 

 mean relative humidit}^ at the station 

 on Mt. Tamalpais was 59 per cent, 

 while that at San Francisco was as high 

 as 83 per cent. The average hourly 

 wind velocity for the higher station is 

 also much greater than that of the 

 lower station, the maximum velocities 

 recorded being respectively 91 and 

 47, and about this proportion is main- 

 tained throughout the year. 



The Weatlier Bureau officials in the 

 city receive frequent reports from Point 

 Reyes and Mt. Tamalpais, and thus are 

 able to issue a daily chart showing the 

 extent and character of the sea fog over 

 Drakes Bay, the roadstead, and the 

 Golden Gate. 



From Mt. Tamalpais Mr. McAdie has 

 made a special study of fog conditions. 

 His method of obtaining a cross-section 

 of the fog is very ingenious. A descent 

 from the station to sea-level can be made 

 by the train in about fifty minutes, a dis- 

 tance of eight miles. A kite meteoro- 



graph is attached near the top of an 

 open-canopied car, instiring good cir- 

 culation, and carried through the fog 

 in this way a number of times. From 

 the data thus obtained, a rough cross- 

 section is made. A typical pressure 

 distribution accompanying sea fogs has 

 been recognized. In general, a move- 

 ment southward along the coast of an 

 area of high pressure in summer means 

 fresh northerly winds and high temper- 

 atures in the interior of the State, with 

 brisk westerly winds laden with fog on 

 the coast. 



The illustrations that accompany this 

 paper depict very graphically the splen- 

 dor of fog effects. Figure i shows the 

 morning fog covering the valleys — the 

 most common t5'pe of fog. Figure 2 

 shows a mass of lifted sea fog in a state 

 of comparative rest. Figure 3 shows 

 the summer sea fog pouring in a mighty 

 torrent through the Golden Gate and 

 submerging the neighboring hills. Fig- 

 ures 4 and 5 show the great billows of 

 the wind-driven sea of fog. 



To Prof. Cleveland Abbe, editor of 

 the Monthly Weather Review, and to 

 Mr. Alexander G. McAdie, of San 

 Francisco, the National Geographic 

 Magazine is indebted for the photo- 

 graphs. 



GEOGRAPHIC FACTS FROM REPORT OF 

 THE TAFT PHILIPPINE COMMISSION 



THE total amount of land in the 

 Philippine Islands is approxi- 

 mately 73,345,415 acres. Of 

 this amount it is estimated that about 

 4,940,000 acres are owned by individ- 

 uals, leaving in public lands 68,405,415 

 acres.* The land has not been surveyed , 

 and these are merely estimates. Of the 



*Tlie religious orders own about 400,000 acres. 



public lands, there is about twice or- 

 three times as much forest land as there 

 is waste land. The land is most fertile 

 and for the greater part naturally irri- 

 gated. There was a very great demand 

 for this land, but owing to the irregu- 

 larities, frauds, and delays in the Span- 

 ish system, the natives generally aban- 

 doned efforts to secure a good title, and 

 contented themselves with remaining 



