The Philippine Exhibit 



12 1 



press, which not only presses out the 

 milk and oil, but also keeps back the 

 fiber of the shell. When the boat-like 

 receptacle underneath the press is filled 

 with the oil, milk, and water, it is drawn 

 to a fire, where the contents are heated 

 in cauldrons until the oil rises to the 

 surface and is scooped off. 



The farmers of the Philippines have 

 their peaceful occupations well repre- 

 sented. One will find at the fair all 

 their agricultural implements and their 

 clums3^ heavy plows and wagons. Their 

 plows are for tlie most part made entirel}^ 

 of wood, with the exception of the share, 

 which is of iron. The harrow is formed 

 of a number of pieces of bamboo held 

 together by three transverse rods pass- 

 ing through the pieces of bamboo. The 

 teeth are formed of stubs of branches, 

 with cords and yoke attached for one 

 caribou. 



The caribou is used in all their farm 

 work and must be quite a tractable ani- 

 mal. The prudent prospective immigrant 

 to the Philippines may gain a suggestion 

 from a caribou sled which is used in 

 mudd}^ weather along the slimy roads 

 and in the rice swamps. This is very 

 unique and will attract much attention 

 and create comment on the weather 

 conditions prevailing in the Island of 

 lyUzon. 



The Filipino rice reaper is made with 

 a handle of wood in the shape of a hook 

 and a blade of steel fastened on the 

 under side of the grip. In using this 

 implement it is held in the right hand 

 and the hook gathers in the rice while 

 the knife cuts it in one operation. 



Farmers will smile when they see a 

 farmer's costume such as is worn by 

 the agricultural class among the Tagals 

 of IvUzon. It consists of a shirt of husi 

 cloth, a pair of trousers, and a piece of 

 cloth used for carrying articles over the 

 shoulder or on the back. 



That nature still supplies the wants 

 of the Filipinos to a great extent is 

 shown by a snppl}' of fishing tackle. 



nets, seines, shrimp and crab traps. 

 Their fishing boats are called bancas. 

 One of the most interesting things in 

 the fishing line is a seashell from 

 Tondo, a fishing point in the suburbs 

 of Manila. The apex of this shell is 

 sawn off to form a mouth-piece, and is 

 used by the fishermen to call assist- 

 ance when large schools of fish are 

 found. 



In the collection there is a milk ven- 

 der's outfit, such as is used in the cities 

 of the Philippines. The outfit consists 

 of a black earthenware jar hung in a 

 network of rattan partly covered with 

 leather, a wooden shoulder yoke for 

 carrying the jar, a pitcher formed from 

 one section of a large bamboo, with a 

 wooden handle attached by wire, and 

 a measure also formed from a section 

 of bamboo, branded with the inspection 

 and license number of the vender. 



Other trades are represented by ap- 

 propriate exhibits, as the soldering pan 

 and irons and tools of native tinsmiths. 

 The pans are made of heavy earthen- 

 ware. " There is a set of native car- 

 penter's tools; also a native harness- 

 maker's outfit, with samples of tanned 

 leather, a set of blacksmith's tools, and 

 a set of mason's tools. 



The amusements and forms of recre- 

 ation of the Filipinos also have a place 

 in the collection. They are evidently 

 a musically inclined people, judging 

 ■ from the gay costumes of a native band 

 of musicians with their instruments — 

 mandolin, flute, guitar, violin, and 'cello. 

 In the musical collection area beautiful 

 harp made of two kinds of narras wood 

 and ebony, and an instrument supposed 

 to be a horn, made from four sections 

 of bamboo, each open at one end and 

 closed at the other. The sections are 

 inserted into one another at right angles 

 and the joints made air-tight with a 

 native gum, the last section being fast- 

 ened to the main tube by rattan. The 

 horn is held horizontally and played in 

 the same manner as a cornet. 



