242 The National Geographic Magazine 



hard one, especially as it has not known 

 how to protect itself against attacks 

 which its own deceitful arrogance has 

 aroused. 



The country is mountainous and hilly, 

 without any of the mountains, however, 

 attaining great height. Mt. Midzur, on 

 the eastern boundary, with a height of 

 7,106 feet, overtops all others in the 

 kingdom. The mountains of Servia are 

 the ramifications of four systems which 

 invade the kingdom from different di- 

 rections. One branch comes from the 

 east from Bulgaria, a second from the 

 southeast from Macedonia, a third from 

 the south from Albania, and the fourth 

 from the west from Montenegro. Rivers, 

 streams, and rivulets, all flowing in dif- 

 ferent directions, still further subdivide 

 the country, but between the mountains 

 and along the large rivers are rich and 

 fertile sloping valleys and plains. Two 

 and one-quarter millions of people culti- 

 vate all the available land. Servia is 

 distinctly an agricultural country ; 83.6 

 per cent of her people till the soil, and 

 about 85 per cent in value of her exports 

 are cattle and agricultural products. 



The climate is temperate and depend- 

 ent on the winds, which, on the whole, 

 are constant from the northwest and 

 northeasj during the winter and from 

 the west and southwest during summer. 

 A temperature of about 25.2° Fahr. dur- 

 ing winter and 69.98° during summer is 

 the normal. 



Twenty-five years ago, in 1876, Servia 

 was clothed with forests, and was aptly 

 termed ' ' the land of the forest ; ' ' but 

 the Servian-Turco trouble of 1876 '-7 8 

 played havoc with the forests. Thou- 

 sands of acres were stripped of trees in 

 order to serve for fortifications or to bar 

 the advance of the Turkish army or to 

 warm the great masses of troops that 

 camped on the land during two winters. 

 The war was followed by a period of 

 ruthless destruction of the forests, vast 

 tracts being sold at a ridiculous price or 

 denuded to supply the railroads. 



GEOGRAPHIC NAMES 



THE following decisions were made 

 by the U.S. Board on Geographic 

 names May i, 1901: 



Goose; point, Chincoteague Bay, Wor- 

 cester County, Maryland (not 

 Clam). 



Hardship; branch of Pocomoke River, 

 Worcester County, Maryland (not 

 Hardshift). 



Long; point, Chincoteague Bay, Acco- 

 mac County, Virginia (not Bodkin). 



Nofat; mountain between Buncombe 

 and Madison counties. North Caro- 

 lina (not No Fat nor No-fat). 



Ricks; point, Chincoteague Bay, Wor- 

 cester County, Maryland (not Rich, 

 Rich's, nor Rick's). 



Robin; creek and marsh, Chincoteague 

 Bay, Worcester County, Maryland 

 (not Robbins , Robins , nor Robin ' s ) . 



Rockawalking ; creek, post-office, and 

 railroad station, Wicomico County, 

 Maryland (not Rock-a-walkin). 



Scarboro ; creek and railroad station, 

 Worcester Count}^, Maryland (not 

 Scarborough's). 



Seeley; creek, Sauk County, Wisconsin 

 (not Seely). 



* Smoke; creek, south of Buffalo, Erie 

 County, New York (not Smokes). 



Taylorville; village, Worcester County, 

 Maryland (not Taylor nor Taylors- 

 ville). 



Tilhance; creek, Berkeley Countj^ West 

 Virginia (not Tilahanchee,Tilclian- 

 cos, Tilehance, Tillehances, etc.). 



Whittington; point, Chincoteague Bay, 

 Worcester Count}^, Maryland (not 

 Willington's). 



PREHISTORIC SURGERY 



AN item going the rounds of the 

 press relates to theMuiiiz collection 

 of trephined crania from Peru, exhibited 

 at the Pan-American Exposition by W J 



* Erroneously given in Maj^ number of this 

 Magazine, p. 201, as in Pennsylvania, 



