340 The National Geographic Magazine 



regions, and have entrusted you with 

 the command. 



2. The objects of the expedition are : 

 (a) to determine, as far as possible, the 

 nature, condition, and extent of that por- 

 tion of the South Polar lands which is 

 included in the scope of your expedition, 

 and (Z') to make a magnetic survej^ in 

 the southern regions to the south of the 

 40th parallel, and to carr}^ on meteoro- 

 logical, oceanographic, geological, bio- 

 logical, and physical investigations and 

 researches. Neither of these objects is 

 to be sacrificed to the other. 



3. The scientific work of the execu- 

 tive officers of the ship will be under your 

 immediate control, and will include mag- 

 netic and meteorological observations, 

 astronomical observations, surveying 

 and charting, and sounding operations. 



4. Associated with you, but under 

 your command, there will be a civilian 

 scientific staff, with a director at their 

 head. A copy of his instructions ac- 

 companies these instructions to j^ou. 



5. In all questions connected with the 

 scientific conduct of the expedition you 

 will, as a matter of course, consider the 

 director as 5^our colleague, and on all 

 these matters you will observe such con- 

 sideration in respect to his wishes and 

 suggestions as ma}'' be consistent with a 

 due regard to the instructions under 

 which you are acting, to the safe navi- 

 igation of the ship, and to the comfort, 

 health, discipline, and efficiency of all 

 under your command. Those friendly 

 relations and unreserved communica- 

 tions should be maintained between j^ou 

 which will tend so materiall}^ to the 

 success of an expedition from which so 

 many important results are looked for. 



6. As the scientific objects of the ex- 

 pedition are manifold, some of them 

 will come under the immediate super- 

 vision of the director and his staff ; 

 others will depend for their success on 

 the joint cooperation of the naval and 

 civil elements, while some will demand 

 the undivided attention of yourself and 



your officers. Upon the harmonious 

 working and heartj^ cooperation of all 

 must depend the result of the expedi- 

 tion as a whole. 



7. The expedition wnll be supplied 

 with a complete set of magnetic instru- 

 ments, both for observations at sea and 

 on shore. Instructions for their use 

 have been drawn up by Captain Creak, 

 R. N., and j^ourself and three of j^-our 

 officers have gone through a course of 

 instruction at Deptford with Captain 

 Creak and at Kew Observatory. The 

 magnetic observatory on board the Dis- 

 covery has been carefully constructed 

 wdth a view to securing it from any 

 proximit)^ to steel or iron, and this has 

 involvel considerable expense and some 

 sacrifice in other respects. We there- 

 fore impress upon you that the greatest 

 importance is attached to the series of 

 magnetic observations to be taken under 

 your superintendence, and we desire 

 that you will spare no pains to ensure 

 their accuracy and continuity. The base 

 station for your magnetic work will be at 

 Melbourne or at Christchurch, in New 

 Zealand. A secondary base station is 

 to be established by you, if possible, in 

 Victoria Land. You should endeavor 

 to carr}^ the magnetic survey from the 

 Cape to your primar}^ base station, south 

 of the 40th parallel, and from the same 

 station across the Pacific to the meridian 

 of Greenwich. It is also desired that 

 you should observe along the tracks of 

 Ross, in order to ascertain the magnetic 

 changes that have taken place in the 

 interval between the two voj^ages. 



8. Geographical discovery and scien- 

 tific exploration b}^ sea and land should 

 be conducted in two quadrants of the 

 four into which the Antarctic regions 

 are divided for convenience of reference, 

 namely, the Victoria and Ross quad- 

 rants. It is desired that the extent of 

 land should be ascertained by following 

 the coast lines, that the depth and na- 

 ture of the ice cap should be investi- 

 gated, as well as the nature of the vol- 



