342 The National Geographic Magazine 



pronounce definitely whether it will be 

 necessary for the ship to make her way 

 out of the ice before the winter sets in 

 or whether she should winter in the 

 Antarctic regions. It is for you to de- 

 cide on this important question after a 

 careful examination of the local condi- 

 tions. 



1 8. If you should decide that the ship 

 shall winter in the ice, the following in- 

 structions are to be observed : 



a. Your efforts, as regards geograph- 

 ical exploration, should be directed, with 

 the help of depots, to three objects, 

 namely, an advance into the western 

 mountains, an advance to the south, and 

 the exploration of the volcanic region. 



b. The director and his staff shall be 

 allowed all facilities for the prosecution 

 of their researches. 



c. In carrying out a and b due regard 

 is to be had to the safety and require- 

 ments of the expedition as a whole. 



d. You have been provided by Sir 

 I^eopold McClintock and by Dr. Nansen 

 with complete details respecting sledge- 

 work both by men and dogs, and yo\x 

 have yourself superintended every item 

 of the preparations connected with food, 

 clothing, and equipment. You will be 

 guided by the information and knowl- 

 edge thus acquired. 



e. Lieutenant Armitage, R. N. R., 

 who has been appointed second in com- 

 mand and navigator to the expedition, 

 has had experience in the work of tak- 

 ing astronomical, magnetic, and mete- 

 orological observations during three 

 Polar winters. He has also acquired 

 experience in sledge-traveling and in 

 the driving and management of dogs. 

 You will, no doubt, find his knowledge 

 and experience of great use. 



f. Early in 1903 your ship should be 

 free from the ice of the winter quarters, 

 and you will devote to further explora- 

 tion by sea so much of the navigable 

 season as will certainl}^ leave time for 

 the ship to return to the north of the 

 pack ice. Having recruited at 3'our base 



station, you will then proceed with your 

 magnetic survey across the Pacific and 

 return to this country. 



19. If, on the other hand, you should 

 decide not to winter, you will bear in 

 mind that it is most important to main- 

 tain scientific observ^ations on land 

 throughout the winter, and therefore if 

 you are able, in consultation with the 

 director, to find a suitable place for a 

 landing party between Cape Johnson 

 and Cape Crozier, and decide that such 

 a party can be landed and left without 

 undue risk, the following instructions 

 will apply : 



a. You will land a party under the 

 command of such person as you may ap- 

 point. Such party shall include the 

 director, the physicist, and one of the 

 surgeons, and such other persons as you 

 may consider desirable ; but no person 

 is to be left without his consent in writ- 

 ing, which you will be careful to obtain 

 and preserve. 



b. You will give every practicable 

 assistance in establishing on land this 

 party, which you will supply with all 

 available requisites, including a dwell- 

 ing hut, an observer's hut, three years' 

 provisions, stores, fuel, sledges, and 

 dogs. 



c. No landing party is to be estab- 

 lished on any other part of the coast 

 than that between Cape Johnson and 

 Cape Crozier, as it is above all things 

 essential that in case of accident the 

 approximate position of the party should 

 be known. 



d. Before it is so late as to endanger 

 the freedom of your ship, you will pro- 

 ceed north of the pack and carry out 

 magnetic observations with sounding 

 and dredging over as many degrees of 

 longitude (and as far south) as possible, 

 so long as the season and your coal per- 

 mit, and then return to your base sta- 

 tion, whence you will telegraph your 

 arrival and aw^ait further instructions. 



20. You are to do your best to let us 

 have and to leave where vou can state- 



