2u6 OLD BABYLONIAN INSCRIPTIONS 



of 132 lines, 1 carved over 100 times on as many large vases, which he presented to the 

 old national sanctuary of the country in INippur. 



The titles themselves with which he opens his dedication are a reflex of the great 

 achievements he could boast of : Col. I, 3. " Lugalzaggisi, 4. king of Erech, 5. king 

 of the world, 6. priest of Ana, 7. hero 8. of Nidaba, 9. son of Uknsh, 10. patesi of 

 o^'BAN™, 1 1. hero 12. of Nidaba, 13-14. he who was favorably looked upon by the 

 faithful eye of Lugalkurkura (i. e., Inlil), 15. great patesi 16. of Inlil, 17. unto whom 

 intelligence was given 18. by Enid 2 (= Ea), 19. he who was called (chosen) 20. by 

 Utu, 21. sublime minister 3 22. of Enzu (— Sin), 23. he who was invested with power 

 24. by Utu, 4 25. fosterer of ]S"inna. 2G. a son begotten 27. by Nidaba, 28. he who was 

 nourished with the milk of life 29. of Kin-harsag, 5 30. servant of Umn, priestess of 

 Erech, 31. a slave brought up 32. by ]Sln-a-gid-ga r, -du, 33. mistress of Erech, 34. the 

 great cibardkku of the gods." 7 He was one of the greatest monarchs of the ancient 



'It is the longest complete inscription of the fourth and fifth pre-Christian millenniums so far obtained from Baby- 

 lonia, and as a historical document of this ancient period it is of fundamental importance. The text published on Pis. 

 38-42, No. 87, was restored by myself from 88 fragments of 64 different vases under the most trying circumstances. The 

 work was just as much a mathematical task as it was a pala:ographical and philological problem. On the basis of 

 pal oeographical evidence I selected c. 150 pieces out of aheap of c. 600 fragments and particles. Then I succeeded in 

 placing the five fragments on PI. XIX, No. 49, together. By doing this I obtained the beginnings and ends of each 

 column. I noticed that the lines of each of the first two columns must be identical, as the separating lines run from 

 the first to the last column. The difference of the numbers of lines between the second and third lines I could easily 

 determine by a simple calculation. It was more difficult to find out the exact number of lines of which the first and 

 second columns originally consisted. By calculating the original circumference, and making a number of logical 

 combinations, I arrived at the conclusion, which finally proved to be correct, that each of the first two columns had 

 forty-six and the third only forty lines. Then followed the tedious work of arranging the little fragments and deter- 

 mining their exact position, although often enough not more than a few traces of the original characters were left to 

 guide me. I had the complete translation prepared for this volume, but I am obliged to withdraw it from want of 

 space. In the previous and following pages nearly two-thirds of the whole inscription have been treated, according to 

 the passages needed. A complete coherent transliteration and translation will be found in another place very soon. 

 Since the restoration of my text, Haynes has found many duplicates, which in every case confirmed the correctness of 

 my arrangement. Col. Ill, 25f. can now be restored completely. 



a Cf. Jensen in Schrader's K. B. Ill, Part 1. The titles of Lugalzaggisi are not unsimilar to those of kings and 

 patesis of Tello. 



3 Cf. above, p. 255, note 6. 



4 One expects rather the ideogram for shakkanakku (Briinnow, List 9195). Ne ("power ") -f gish ("man") 

 apparently is its synonym. Cf. sag-gish, I B., 2, No. 5, 1 (and 2), 3 ; the present work, Part I, No. 81, 7. 



5 Literally "ate" (akalu) or "was filled with " (shuznunu). 



6 The variant is a peculiar form of ga (not =»(?£), cf. col. Ill, 21, 23 and variants. 



7 No. 87, col. I, 1. £ , «W>En-lil 2. lugal kar kur-ra 3. Lugal-zag-gi si 4. lugal UnugM-ga 5. lugal kalam-ma 6. sliib 

 An-ria 7. galu mag 8. dinglrNiduba 9. dumu TJ-kush 10. \_pa-f\e-si gishBANki 11. gala may 12. dingirp/idaba-ka 13. igi zi 

 bar-rali. imgir-Lugalkur kur-ra 15. pa lesi gal 16. dingirEn-lil 17. gish-Pl-SHU-sum-ma 18. dingirgjy.Xi 19. mu-pad- 

 da 20. dingirlftu 21. lug mag 22. dingir Kn-zu 23. ne-gish 24. dingir{jtu 25. u-a dingirMnna 26. dumutu-da 27. dingirM-daba 

 28. gaziku-a 29. dingirfiin-har 'sag 30. galu dingirij mu savga UnitgM-ga 31. sag eyi-a 32. dingirflin-a-gid-yadu 33. nin 

 UnugM -ga-ka 34. iii (?) may 35. dingir-ri-ne-ra. 



