148 . BOTANY. 
Townsenpia* Rorurockn, Gray,t in herb.— Perennial, stemless; 
leaves narrowly spatulate, narrowed into a petiole as long as the blade, 
both together 1’ long; blade thickish, entire, smooth; petiole expanded 
toward its insertion, and with a few silky hairs; heads sessile, 1’ in diam- 
eter, obtuse scales of the involucre in 3-4 series, oblong or narrowly oval, 
purplish, thickish, margins distinctly ciliate, or toward the apex sometimes 
slightly fimbriate lacerate ; rays fertile, blue or purplish, exceeding the disk 
by one-half, 1-14” wide, entire or toothed; pappus somewhat united at 
base, squamellate-subulate, one-fourth as long as the tube, with one or 
two bristles exceeding the others; disk-flowers yellow, about as long as the 
rather unequal pappus; achenia rather hairy, oblong, flattened. Heads 
one or more from the same caudex. Apparently a somewhat variable 
species, but sufficiently distinct from TZ. sericea, to which it most nearly 
approaches by the obtuser scales to the involucre, the shorter and broader 
rays, and the short pappus of the ray-flowers. It will hence be observed 
that it approaches Nanastrum, though kept distinct by its perennial root— 
South Park, Colorado, at 13,500 feet (875). (Also either 418 or 417 of the 
already distributed sets, but from a mixing of labels I cannot determine 
which.)—Prate VII, A. Naturalsize. 1 Innerinvolucral scale. 2. Ray- 
flowers. 3. Ray-style and stigma. 4. Portion of ray-pappus, magnified 
about 25 diameters. 5. Disk-flower. 6. Cross-section of achenium. 7. 
Style and stigma of disk-flower. 8. Bristle from ray-pappus. All enlarged 
about 10 diameters, except where otherwise specified. 
TowNsenbia sERIcEA, Hook.—Resembling the above in general habit, 
but differing in having silky-canescent and narrower leaves, acute scales 
to the involucre, longer and narrower rays, and a longer pappus to the 
ray-flowers—Colorado (419), at Kit Carson (on the plains), and also a 
var. with shorter rays and more hairy and narrower leaves at Georgetown, 
among the mountains. 
* TOWNSENDIA, Hook.—Heads radiate ; rays fertile ; disk-flowers perfect or sometimes [ both ?] infer- 
tile. Involucre hemispherical or broadly campanulate, the lanceolate bracts imbricated in a few series, 
the exterior smaller, margins scarions, Receptacle plane, naked or fimbrillate. Rays longer than the 
involucre, entire or toothed; disk-flowers regular, tubular, the limb narrowly campanulate or a little 
dilated with 5 short teeth. Anthers at base obtuse, entire. Branches of the style in the disk-flowers 
flattened, with lanceolate appendages. Disk-achenia compressed, those of the ray 3-angled, the scabrous 
or barbellate pappus rigid, unequal.—Low perennial or annual herbs, more or less canescent.—Rocky 
Mountain Region between the Saskatchewan and New Mexico.—BENnTHAM & HOOKER. 
t Dr. Gray has indicated 7, scapigera, D.C. Eaton, as the nearest relative of this species, 
