GENERAL REPORT. 23 
The following analysis of the soil is given by Dr. Oscar Loew, chemist 
and mineralogist of the Survey, vol. iii, p. 587: 
Physicul condition: color, dark; consistency, loose. 
Per cent. 
Pais. ss = cab suoouieeewa Viweeet giees sAd den seek aeelwee 42.20 
See MU CIRY , icc acc vcs We dek cecese cance bate stss ses © 37.98 
saygroaceple meistere v5is 5. scscede inns oy ee seaderioie ak 10.97 
Humuos and chemically bound water ...... ...... cseseecacscesss 8.84 
Chemical constituents : 
Per cent. 
POG 5s 5 ee ae gr Sd a eae gee me ee aay pemen bye Meee yo 0.015 
Soda 
sduags Rat aceobs se anee beds cSness hnnke eines dons nos duce~os: CRORE 
Magnemle. . ssiiwiv senna shea bape ee bbaess de sa Wnd dis wie KA nA ewe 0.029 
ND ce. sins kek Wenge Wie du veiw ene seegedinechaede seee soe 0s es 0.153 
es cia cad ceaw des cosbeecns aude sebsesce toon ens 0.058 
Oxide of iron 
Alumina OY GUE ic cde acne Siw eecus eeteseslosiees Aevne 2,013 
Sulphuric acid 
Total soluble in hydrochloric acid, water included.......-..-.... 22.188 
Enesolubie quarts BOG GUAT ox s 655 5s 06 pips 6 08 oop be os wo dee ens le 77.812 
The rock from which the above soil was derived is a red sandstone. 
The San Francisco Mountains may be regarded as a northward exten- 
sion of Mogollon Mesa, having the same average altitude (7,000 feet) and 
the same dense timber-growth, with here and there fertile valleys and open 
glades. 
South of the Mogollon Mesa, the altitude of the country decreases 
until at Camp Apache we are but 5,000 feet above tide-water, and in Tonto | 
Basin to the west of Camp Apache lower still, probably between 3,500 and 
4,500 feet. 'The word basin correctly represents this cafion cut and crossed 
depression, of which we have yet so much to learn. 
Crossing a series of mesa lands at an elevation of 6,000 to 7,000 feet, 
we begin the descent to the parched, superheated valley of the Gila River. 
A complete change comes over the flora. If verdure and superabundant 
vitality were the expression of plant life on the timber clad Mogollon Mesa, 
in the valley of the Gila, hardness of texture and contraction of form would 
be characteristic of the flora. The attempt to make an analysis of one’s 
