CONTRIBUTIONS TO INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY, NO. 1*: 

 CRETACEOUS FOSSILS OF THE WESTERN STATES AND TER- 

 RITORIES. 



By C. a. White, M. D. 



The materials which lorm the subject of this contribiition have been 

 derived from various sources, and the fossils illustrated in the accom- 

 panying plates have been obtained from Cretaceous strata of widely 

 separated districts of the national domain. A part of them were col- 

 lected by different parties of the United States Geological and Geo- 

 graphical Survey of the Territories in Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah ; 

 a part by Mr. 1). H. Walker at and in the vicinity of Salado, Bell 

 County, Texas ; a part by Mr. G. W. Marnoch at and in the vicinity of 

 Helotes, Bexar County, Texas, and a. part by Prof. B. F. Mudge near 

 Dennison, Tex. 



The fossils collected by Mv. Walker were sent by him some years ago 

 to the Smithsonian Institution, and have been referred by the Secretary, 

 Prof. Baird, to the office of this Survey for investigation. Those col- 

 lected by Mr. Marnoch were in part received at the office of the Survey 

 directly from himself, and in part through Prof. E. D. Cope, to whom 

 Mr. Marnoch had previously sent them ; and those collected by Professor 

 Mudge were forwarded by himself to the Survey office for investigation. 



It is a part of the plan of publication, adopted by the director of the 

 survey, to prepare illustrations of all fossils obtained from strata of the 

 national domain, west of the Mississippi River, whether they have before 

 been described or not. Therefore, the illustrations which accompany 

 this contribution are not only of species here described for tlie first time, 

 but a large propoition of them represent species that have before been 

 described, but not illustrated, either in the various publications of the 

 Geological Survey of the Territories or elsewhere. Besides these, the 

 various collections sent from Texas are found to contain several species 

 that were described by the late Dr. B. F. Shumard in the Transactions 

 of the Saint Louis Academy of Sciences, but of which no illusti-ations 

 were ever publislied. Drawings of a part of them were made by Mr. A. 

 E. Eoessler for Dr. Shumard, photographic copies of which were sent to 

 the office of the survey. A i^art of these have been retouched by Mr. 

 Holmes, by aid of identified specimens of the species from the Texas col- 

 lections, and appear upon one or two of the plates of illustrations. 



The greater ])art of the drawings of these illustrations have been madj© 

 by ]Mr. W. H. Holmes, with his usual great accuracy and care. Those 

 upon Plate X were drawn by Mr. F. D. Owen, and those upon Plate IX 



* The plan adopted for the publication of Invertebrate Paleontology of this Survey 

 is as follows: 1. " Paleoutolngical Papers," numbered serially, consisting of prelimi- 

 nary discussions of paleoutological sulijects, and descriptions of fossils. 2. "Contri- 

 butions to Invertebrate Paleontology," also numbered serially, and consisting of illus- 

 trated memoirs, with more detailed descriptions and discussions. 3. "Monographs," 

 consisting of elaborate treatises of special subjects. 



18 G S 273. 



