336 REPORT UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAI. SURVEY. 



overturned strata, whicli form tlie crest and liiglier shoulder of tho 

 ridge. 



The section here alluded to is given in an accompanying plate, and 

 described below : 



Section through Higham's Peak, Station V. 



la. Porous, buff, magnesian limestone, 2 feet exposed. 



16. Two thick ledges of heavy bedded, drab, brittle limestone, casQ- 

 cellated structure in places, separated by a space of about 40 feet. Dip 

 variable, the lower ledge at one point inclining at an angle of 30°, is". 

 15° W., the upper one dipping 15° to 20°, N. E. 



Ic. Slope 80 yards across, and representing a heavy bed of shaly ma- 

 terial, the limestone debris affording a few imperfect Carboniferous fos- 

 sils, crinoidal columns, Spirifer, Myalina ?, Aviculopecten. 



Id. Several layers of limestone, forming a heavy deposit, at the base 

 drab, followed by buff-mottled thin-bedded layers, with chert nodules ; 

 light gray, compact, thin-bedded limestone; dark drab-mottled lime- 

 stone, minutely cancellated, fragmentary, containing a large Lamelh- 

 branch. These beds are very variable in inclination, dipping 40° to 80°, 

 N. 25° E. to N. 50 W. 



2. A wide space, showing obscure exposures of generally soft, buff 

 sandstone, probably included in shaly deposits, with harder, thin-bedded, 

 chocolate-red variegated sandstone layers ; on the south occurs thin, 

 indurated buff arenaceous layers, mingled with red sandy indurated 

 shales, with small sand nodules, interbedded Avith buff firmer sandstone. 



3. Dark red sandstone, forming low comb, 220 yards south of bed 4, 

 and 300 yards north of No. Id / dip and strike variable, 70°, N. 45° E., 

 and 80°, S. 50© W. 



4. Coarse, sometimes conglomeritic, neavy bedded, hght and reddish, 

 laminated and cross-bedded sandstone, forms a rugged comb parallel 

 with but lower than Station V ridge 400 yards north. Dip in crest, 60° 

 to 7(P, S. 50° W., and on the south side 80° to 85°, S. 10° E. 



5. Drab cherty Umestone, below abnost pure chert, with small crinoidal 

 columns, forming a ledge exposure 50 yards across. Dij) 62°, S. 45° W. 



6. Deep red arenaceous shales, interlaminated with hard red and hght 

 creamy mottled sandstone layers, exposed in saddle 70 yards across. 



7. Hard, thin-bedded, buff and reddish, laminated, rarely ripple- 

 marked, sandstone, forming a heavy deposit in summit at Station V, 

 300 yai'ds across the exposure. Dip 30° to 85°, W. 20° to 40° S. 



8. Heavy bedded, drab, brittle hmestone, dipping southwesterly at a 

 more moderate angle of inclination. Exposed in northerly slopes 300 

 feet or more below summit. 



9. Drab indurated calcareous deposit, dips southwesterly at a steeper 

 angle, but showing obscure exposures. 



It will be observed that the strata at this locality exhibit considerable 

 variability in the direction and rate of strike and inclination, with, how- 

 ever, marked conformity to the ridges on the southwest, sho"\Aing that 

 their upheaval was due to the same set of dynamical actions which 

 folded the Mesozoic strata in the ridges of Stations III and IV. The 

 limestones No. 1, from their fossil contents, are probably referable to 

 late depositions of the Carboniferous period. But owing to the insufii- 

 ciency of our data, in consequence of the isolated position of the ridge, 

 it becomes a matter of conjecture in attempting the correlation of these 

 beds with deposits elsewhere observed in this region and their connec- 

 tion with undoubted Mesozoic deposits which outcrop at a distance and 



