ST. JOHN.] REGION OF STATION XXII. 375 



of the mountain a thick ledjje of hard, darkish gray, laminated sandstone 

 is ex])osed in a low wall which sweeps down into the deep gulch in the 

 dii'ection of the exposure of bed Iso. 55 of tlie i)receding section, Avith 

 which it is either identical or but little removed to the north. The dip 

 of the bed here is north-northeastward at an angle of 45°. In the oppo- 

 site direction the same narrow comb is still traced in the think of the 

 ridge towards Station XXII, the trend curving gently round into a 

 course south of west. In a lower eminence of the lidge, west of the 

 trachyte dome, occurs a heavy bed of hard, reddish-gray, laminated 

 sandstone, in tliin layers, very like that last-mentioned above, and dip- 

 ping at an angle of 40°, X. 10° W., tlunigh variable, as though it formed 

 part of the undulating arch of a low dome or fold. It is here overlaid 

 by a ledge probably the same as that in the trachytic dome, which out- 

 crops in the north Hank 300 yards below the crest. To show the vari- 

 able lay of these strata, even within snort distances, at one i)oint in the 

 west end of this eminence the bed dips westward at an angle of 20°, and 

 in the low connecting ridge just beyond the dip is to the X. 5° W., at 

 an angle of 30°. These beds are apparently underlaid by a ledge of 

 dirty brown, minutely brecciated or couglomeritic gritty limestone, upon 

 which rests a gray sandstone ; and in the summit of the high point half 

 a mile east of XXII, there appears a still higher heavy ledge of gray, 

 reddish-tinged, laminated san<lstoue, changed almost to the condition 

 of quartzite, dipping 40°, X. 15° W. The latter may belong to one of 

 the previously mentioned ledges. 



Passing from the last-mentioned point to Station XXII, the summit 

 of the mountain is found to be capped by a much broken up exposure 

 of flesh-tinted, gray, intensely hard sandstone, dipping northwestward. 

 In the southeast declivity, about -00 feet belovv" the smnmit, the descent 

 is bro]cc;n by a low mural exposure, vrhicJi forms so conspicuous a feat- 

 lu'e in the mountain-side as seen ii'om Station XXI. This v.all shows 

 a thickness of 15 feet or more of very hard, laminated, gray, reddish- 

 tinted sandstone, almost a quartzite, wliieb, at the point exaiained, dips 

 15° to 20°, X. 5° E. In a less marked bench interAening between tlic 

 abov(! and the sunnnit, a heavy ledge of thin-bedded, gray sandstone 

 outcroi>s, with a dip of 40°, X. 45° E. The lower ledge is, as previously 

 observed, identical either with that forming the crest of Station XXI or 

 the next ledge to the south, the bed and associated strata at the present 

 locality ap])arently holding an inverted position. 



The above someAvhat disconnected observations are introduced with 

 the view of presenting all the leading data possessed that may aid to a 

 fair elucidation of the compliciited structural features pertaining to the 

 west tlauk of the northern i)OX'tion of the range. It would appear th;it, 

 in this northern country, phenomena of the kind here mentioned are by 

 no means of rare occurrence : but in the present instance, to the vrriter 

 at least, they were of so great intere:;t, and in spite of our opportunities, 

 or their lack, not quite Avorked out to our perfect satisfaction, that it 

 was (leemed preferable to give a summary of the detail examinations on 

 which the conclusions arrived at were based, that they may be shown to 

 be (!onsistent Avith the facts so far as observed. 



Station XXII occupies a connujinding position on the A^estern A^erge 

 of the range at the head of Smoke Creek (east fork of WilloAV Creek), 

 immediately overlooking the Ave.';t-sloj)ing A'olcanic plateau Avhich termi- 

 nates in a hue of steep, high bluffs, fronting the station on the Avest and 

 nortliAvest, and Avhich were once continuous Avith the similar benches 

 either side of Porcupine Creek. These A'olcanics, as at the latter local- 

 ity, gently slope to the level of the A'olcanic-floored upland bordering the 



