PEALE.] DESCEIPTIVE GEOLOGY MALADE EANGE. 607 



Thickness in feet. 



6. Dark-green cMoritic scMsts, with serpentine "\ 



7. MetamorpTiosed argillaceous slates, yellowisli-brown in color 



8. Pink quartzites, 200 feet V 350 



9. Very dark green cliloritic schists, with white quartz veinings. These rocks 



are very irregular in their weathering J 



Total 1,250 



On a point south of tlie station the dip in the red quartzites was 30° 

 north 77° east. On the station the strike was south 7° west, dip south 

 83° east, angle 30°. There would, therefore, appear to be a swerve to 

 the eastward in the strike toward the south. Toward the north the 

 green beds, which I have referred to the Cambrian, appear to sink some- 

 what, so that the Tertiary beds south of Marsh Creek appear to rest on 

 limestones that belong to a higher horizon. The southern mountain 

 mass on which Station 130 was located is rounded in outline, and reaches 

 an elevation of 8,395 feet. There appears to be some Tertiary on the 

 summit. Below it are limestones, next olive-green shales, followed by 

 red quartzite, and then some 500 or 600 feet of limestones. The base of 

 the latter, I think, is the same that outcrops at the south end of the 

 range where Weston Creek comes out of its canon. At this point the 

 limestones are filled with fragments of triloMtes and other Silurian forms. 

 South of the range there are several isolated outcrops of Tertiary beds 

 which ax)pear to have been islands in the Tertiary lake. The northwest 

 portion of the northern range is drained by a branch of Marsh Creek, 

 which at its head appears to be in Silurian rocks, although there may be 

 isolated patches of Tertiary. The central western portion of the range has 

 its drainage collected into Malade River. The main stream heads oppo- 

 site the head of Weston Creek. The rocks in this region are almost en- 

 tirely the white and light-brownish limestones and greenish shales and 

 soft sands so characteristic of the PMocene. 



Southern range. — This portion, like the northern, is divisible mto two 

 masses. The southern is the most prominent, and is separated from the 

 northern by Tertiary beds. This southern mass of hills is about eight 

 miles in length and about three miles in breadth. Two topographical 

 stations were made on this part of the range, one at the north and the 

 other at the south. At the latter i^lace light-colored limestones with 

 easterly dii3s show. These limestones have fragments of crinoidal 

 stems, and are probably Carboniferous, although the mass of the mount- 

 ain is probably Silurian. The northern station aiDpears to have westerly 

 dips, so that the range, if these dips are correctly reported, is a syncli- 

 nal. Southwest of the range the Pliocene limestones cover the foot of 

 the mountains, dipping from them. On the east they also occur dipping 

 eastward. The northern portion of this southern or western subrange 

 is a long, narrow crest of Silurian limestones that present a rather steep 

 face toward the Malade Valley. The eastern slopes are covered with 

 the thin-bedded Pliocene deposits which are mostly eroded on the west. 

 I did not follow the western face of the mountains, having crossed to 

 the western side of Malade Yalley north of Malade City. Professor 

 Bradley, in 1872, made a close study of this portion of the range, and I 

 quote from his report (p. 200) : 



After crossing Bear River, the Tertiary limestones are found covering the entire foot 

 of the mountain for two or three miles, though the mountain itself is still plainly 

 composed of the older limestone, which appears on its sunnnit. Then the Tertiary 

 disappears altogether, and the upper quartzite rises so as to form the face of the ridge 

 for four or five miles, then the Tertiary comes in again, in a heavy body of compact 

 flinty limestones and siliceous shales, running to the very tops of the hills, which are 



