13—1848.] THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 211 
es mprovement to be made on the Cultivation regret ‘that I am not able tu give a statement of his crop 1842 ree 
“An Beray on the ET imagined that it would work wonders d, but he assured me that in 1541 he | acct ag Dab Flax, dressed by hand, yielded the greatest 
of Sm his 2 since he clearly proved that their system | grew the fol 2 amount of wtp :— Potatoes, 80 bushels; àexeable profit to the e grower, we hesitated n ot to defend 
among o themselves, and thelr 3 whilst by his | Whe oat 214 bushels; and Oats, 44 bushels ; 2 vir Ea sold for | Our system in Rr to Mr. Diekson's.“ N. 
— e Bl. 108.3, 423 i ( son’s, ow the 
was Ul hey were $ But tog f that all his 51. 10s.), 4233 Ibs. butter. He omits hay, Turnips, and M Mangold | ae of the mill in question declared we 
system t — — * ve 1 on the pla Wurzel, as these were consumed by the cows, and, though he | 1 be e eted t p! 2 Tga a 
— ting a well quallzed person to a vise and reason with grew pigs, this was done by the Potatves, &c., returned above | — 1 gp with any 
of appoin . A highland proprietor lately published! Hints | in full, with, I believe, some skim and 3 Yet I think [us ed by far in working their threshing or cider 
a use of Highland Tenants and Cottagers,” in the full he might have credited the concern with part at all ev ents of | mills ; and that I Flax could be dressed by it at 6d. per 
for tion that everything was stated in his work so clearly | the skim-milk, as the Pigs would not consume it 1 | 8 0 lbs., while the same k rf ; 
expec ibly as to convince the most stupid or lazy, and force Some people will fear that, although thus sufficient grain | h in p ormed 
and * his system; I doubt much, however, E one | and green crops, with butter and cheese, may be furnished | and, would cost from 2s. to 3s. per stone.” A no 
Aude individual bas altered his course a hair br 7 n ac- a ye country by the apade 3 yet animal food e could not from Mr. Brown was appended to Mr. Dickson’s adver- 
a rk. TO In suficient amount on such small spots of jaan ise ivi i i 
contract there is no use trying to reason in print wi h any | It will not be Bejad a pork r- ay be grown to on amount : arg 0 1 Ser a new glowing de- 
"i this class of tenants. Print what you will, ** answer j under such a * bu t I wi 1 be asked pred ¥ cattle 3 — Cuan eee merit, and such 
the conviction is, that “all this is bing well if I had good | sheep can be g and re they to | 48 an inexperienced grower was not warranted in pub- 
— pat with my miserable land there is pasture on half an a acre or so of Grass? I will aoe an enter lishing. Ith caused another letter to be inserted 
any other system than the one 2 i e. A inae, pos a few ia a disquisition on agriculture, but I unhesitatingly assert in the J. Independent, requiring ( Mr. Dickson would 
, when pointing out what a pity it was that ey at grazing or pasturing animals of any kind is a barbarism 
have told T drain here or there, ploughed hate land sooner, | that must — age ere long, in civilised — — 1 time neit e 0 y — to be 
pata kA sy land N and ben it hee a a and will come, ge pape may yet be a Pome gry when men will n am arrange for me to compete personally with as 
al ave had very erent crops, — ell, no cestors wasted lan asturin it, or es - 
2 “oe do more for the a on land than I do; on mus tal to dest we gen indeed well off 7 we aise wed one machine) shat Mr. Brown, 10 wh 5550 promin 3 
f Potatoes I put —— loads of the best dung ever I age to destroy as much vanity by pasturing as would 2220 2 
* what a poor crop there is;“ 8 entirely | ha upported two or three, if otherwise managed. If rg many . of = ag Ci leaned Flax ax can obtained 
the land perhaps had 1 10 a bog all winter for want of . N that Dumbreli’s three acres of land pro- | from 1 ewt. of stalks, weighed before broken? 2d. The 
that that it was then a mass of weeds, Pi that nine- tenths duced, 1841, 1 amount of food for the public market, time occupied! 3d. Num er of horses employed ! 4th. 
he laid on consisted of till or clay dug from l items which he has omitted to note, as E pa 7 i ploy road 
of the step pikor bank, and mixed with a li ttle sapless cow or pie skim, or Restat ilk, Ce. 98 xpenses incurred? 5th, Estimated or absolute weight. 
, owing to hi ney ay oper pense od to con- 30 basal of P wae atte . 770 $ 80 . * eaking rollers; 2, of th seutching swin- 
dang manure, ut, indee it is needless saying ushels 0 eat, at 76. ee oe es and shaft ? 
r and what they want It mt be 44 bushels of Oats, at M IT IIT ao 5 aft? The public shall then speed 
Zprious to every one acquainted with agriculture, who will e 'wo calves s sold f for „ - 510 0 8 Lr judging gps h aa re r- 
quire into the mismanagement of their lands. 4234 tbs. of butter, at 10d. 27 12 1 | pur T. Dickson's » can have x scutched 
he great er oe ‘ 8 in ee part of Scotland, 4 3 for 6d. per stone, or wheth 3s. 6d. according to 
consists in their aving too much lan iere can be no more 17 inion.” 
positive axiom than that a tenant who is to live by his land, A farm of 100 ‘acres ought to yield, in Le gg (roopese an, N - Ap the slightest notice was taken of 
should have only as much as he can cultivate with the spade, i under what is considered thè oat t rotation, viz nese queries till the present time, The reason is ob- 
er as much 12 will = mish . ag x pairs 85 horses. This oe Th a return of 1400l., or eee hens ee x i te for, e. to Mr. Brown’s own „ he 
I believe, admit of denial. ere can be no medium ow. a ee urn from a 8 as sho i D ing-mi i 
will not, without great loss, either from the necessity of keep- | 100 acres, cultivated in the usual par, is quite unknow On ers s . rege age none . which was to 
too much strength for the quantity of land, or from the | the contrary, I assert that 6001 may be si andet a fair be orked wit er by the — * for th X 
Jand being neglected for want of proper strength to cultivate | average return, from a well cultivated 100 acre farm. To ing and cider-mills, cannot be driven by horse-power 
The mass of our cotter population are unable to cultivate | prove this, we must consider the farm as in the best con- without “continually breaking.’ A steam-engine is 
land they possess by the 3 and their lot t 1] | dition in every equal sized * viz., 20 P fi be d d E v i 8 
8 t is refure 7. in order to bring sh each, &., &c. In bot h cases, ie I seed, ) ough, as : — 7 ee ? . is exactly what 1 an- 
them beats independen state, enable th Dumbrell dibbles his 2 and the e farm — * ws broad. | ticipated ; for, a ing to nstruction and weight 
and, but also to pa 1 ot rents punctually Cast, the difference must be materia ily i 12 favour of the small of the scutching-mill, I ee ‘that 12 horses would 
pipah ene pay sii > | farm syst stem £ 8. d. be barel suffice t tok it to th ined 
out ` d. oo cient to keep it up to the requ 8 
V — Vv obs, ee oe 4 
1. 3 uce the A x sieg a To Tone op As Amperial . 0 acres Barve, at 6 are cua TU os 2 120 9 0 For ason, I Ser ye that Flax could not be 
his family, eee oan properly cultivate with the ipado No. 2.— ars. at 24s 12 0 0 seutehed with it for s. Gd. per stone. Mr. Sotheron, 
alone, without aid from a horse, but with occasional aid from | No. 1— acres hay, at 1505 stones at 8 100 0 0 ’ precisely same cament ; 
a spa g A og and arting piane atop 80 No. 4.— 2 acres gears 2 at 30 Pons ae ‘ot 8 bushels) ate and I hope that neither Mr. Brown nor Mr. kson 
ner enters, whose whole will be offe at my doubting whether the 
will voted to instructing a certain numb f Routes Hate s, Ke. 000 y g y can, even 
cotters in the most approved 9 growing all kinds . 8 acres others ins for feed 10 wwe ere say they by steam, properly scutch Flax for less mone th the 
2 taking note of the more industrious for rewards, and gain 15 lbs. each of mutton at 5d. 25 0 nderous machines in question. I wish not to offend, 
idle and those who will not take advice, for removal. 2 acres Tares for hor orses. E Abb but to enfo truth ; neither ht any one to 
Iam quite aware that there are difficulties to be oye No. 5,—20 acres i apka for cowsand horses 0 0 0 f y 
before this change can be fully accomplished o on any estat Pro td t 10 milk cows, a . 100 0 0 angry with me for ndin, myself, in comm 
bat I think they are by no m laa 10 a say oe . 2710 0/all hand-seutchers ot represen can 
on as they appear at a distance. Let us take one of our a See | Only end in Poe i ’s mistake 
Highland estates as an e le to b acres, side return o 810 0 f A : 
are 100 cotter tenants upon 1 tn five Seca jad say 8 8 1 It may be objected that, in the 100 acre farm return, 1 tinier phi ai * * bel ot working — scutehing 
each. Township A contains 20 lot f diff, z value on the 8 acres of Turnips used b; ws, &., nor an reaking-mi 18 too eviden uire further 
4 15 acres 8 0. 2, 4 aeres, p difere Th E $ 3 the Three nor pasture iis Gait’ 13 is t site profit on the 80 | com t. he weight of the Flax iis. a i 
will make a grievous la tt Mie r s I believe, be acknowledged a 
ding over him should 10 of his acres be cut off, and rae fai averag e crops, and the prices are the same as those in Place does not RANIO 8 by; et six small horses are 
waste or given to other two new peck. i added to Dumbrell’e: list. quired to drive it properly, viz., four for the scutch- 
the neighbouring lots which have less than the proper number 2 as gricultural readers rind need to be told that 10 cowe ing-mill and two for the breaker, the speed of the former 
an ee r 
p 4 as you like, you never will convince him that | N | ng calculated at 1100 revolutions per minute, 
acre, f 6 NN 2 — or them on a ake tod N omits his hay, Turnips, Price of the whole about 35. A first-rate irish mill- 
weeks 5 ago, when urging the ady y antage of spade ehusbandry, Mangold Wurzel, as these are consumed by his cows ; bad he | seutcher lately been employed here for the express. 
rent 
few 
and, and dene barzo, pat (nd only ‘about 2 acres o | yalued, them per ton, my eye deceived me mach 40 ater urn | purpose of testing the merits of Mr. Dickson's state- 
part of bis land 4 ng 2 124 „ ), dug still more widely than they do. The horses sume the ments e remained wi 1 , In no in- 
What he dug as what was e * 8 res, si pa postare will be found a bare enough allowance | Stanc bl reduce the seutching to 2s. 
spade husbandry would never answer in our country Whatever war the cows, and calves, by any one who tries the | per stone, or to produce so much marketable Flax from 
Emight do in plag or elsewhere.” There is ther efore no wic ie practieaily a ao cat tga ion aes be ar aT a * of stalks as ae who dressed the same quan- 
A — ee fi mina 1 tt 3 Sot compre in hay to p 75 5 on the 8 it is considered bad tity by hand. Thus are the opinions that I offered 
his prosperity hitherte has pe iis jaw all nterest in farming to sell hay at all, or even to make it; and, if the hay through 2 on yilishire Inde gr nt confirmed, and I 
Eat he paid his rent, he st eee in suspecting be consumed on the 3 I doubt its producing anything like nture men à all amateur Flax-growers to 
Wals e! on foot to screw more out of him, every farm the hay i 1 8 ale an introduce a goo system of “ha ind-dressing upon their 
fore to et for him, and tien to oe pecs It is there- | 80 tha might fairly have dednteed the 1902. e for premises, by ped h greater acreable * will be ob- 
— in faet 3 pane: I nn hay, N 1 to let the large farm show o well tained than by machin ery. The waste of Flax by os 
88 to the Sek number of acres vand obliged to ä it could, I have given it credit as above. 3 of sheep mills in Irela “fe is excessive, and no dependence can be 
e entirely with the spad . This will _ | believe, PT h than 10 wedders will consume an imperial FEA 1 f hat That th 
eal, but it i ae oat e him & Bete e of average Turnips, and that 15 Ibs. is a fair average | P/aced upon the reports from that quarter, at the 
easy when properl 4 T n, Others find it | increase of weight to be counted on in each sheep, when fat, | greatest amount of acreable profits will be considered 
4 do. =o what man has done I might also fairly deduct 20 ars. of Oats required for the 4 the criterion of superiority between the two systems 
repay be that No, 1, however, holds a lease, and thus pre- — rini DT <6 £0 4 F now under ion d J 
course, an obstacle, but T belie ee eee This i wl 2 I enter further into particulars to show the great loss to the Fieux, Belgian Flax Agent, Trimingham, March 18. 
agement of Highland properties, obrieus wra 8 a N 33 s esl ble Mr. Warnes’ Boxr-feeding, &c.—I have 2 read 
year with another, are pre- | tenant that the public can have, and, if most desirable for ~ your Gazette a little skirmishing betw Mr. 
t 2 e if ee have no the public, h t also b t desirable for the iandlord. Warnes and the 55 Mr. Wilkins. 
F = said a little help is worth a deal of pity. I am not, 
nd has the smailest infraction ae e 9 nd however, about to defend Mr. Warnes, as he is 
estate, which their in ` sags eof, in onis 5 at gt Dressing.—In your Paper e gg lth inst., | do so himself ; but I am going to offer one or two 
impro i possible pe 8 may be Mr. Browne, or Salpe erton, refers to a letter of mine in | remarks on his system from the ex rience I have had 
y, bat: I feel that it is the harshness = a | the Withee Independent, and asks, “ How could Mr. | for some years past. I have extensively carri 1 
for his future benefit. Warnes's man put scutching alone at 3s. 6d. per — 2 his system, and 1 am much indebted to him for his 
eee T shom Ay vias May I therefore beg the favour of a small space to liberality, kindness, and hospitality in putting me (a 
> buchen ndry. geo plain the circumstances under which I made that perfect stranger to him before) in the way of doing so, 
are as simple 3 be, the assertion. My attention was directed last November to and I am glad to avail myself of this opportunity, 
ing feeding the cows during a letter in the 555 named Paper, headed “ the adván- your permission, of returning him my best thanks, 
S clicting the whole . tagos of Flax dressing by machinery my e with | have more than 50 boxes in constant use filled with 
š oong by hand.” Having r m boyhood been accus- | stock of every description, in perfect health, comfort, 
en gives an account of what had tomed to the ment T Flas at ee in and enjoyment, combined with cleanliness and ease; 
by the late Mrs. Gilbert, ir lt es also some 2 — of ere and Ithiuk if any gentleman were to take his stand on a 
nome of a thousand would, probably, have | mills—and being a prac tructor iu the most pouring wet or cold day or night, or on a day with the 
ond cee ae er Aan ae | OPP modes of steepi 1775 aot preparing the plant, | scorching sun over his head, at the outside of one of the 
as set, ripe, a ter day, an 5 I considered that I I ought 5 W the correction of boxes where the calves are put (and calves require as 
etor who has a number of cotters on the mistakes which the wri Accordingly, | much attention, and cleanliness as any 
— e abe of all a after Ise lpm out the s disadvantages of machinery, of young stock), he would see . eee ee and 
nt of the spade pe care buat, | T est the merits of frisky that ight imagine nk he was as 
ther to wo diced against it or Zug che oes Mg pn by dividing a a given quantity of stalks into two much of of an Essex calf as they for supposing them 
i ce under his uis cmployer’s direction, how- equal parts, one to be dressed by ese soutehing otherwise po healthy and happy. The Rev. Mr. 
y e be 8 „ mill, the other by the hand. I also offered to dress one Wilkins has inferred that farmers will not Ai the bax 
ri — 4 — to procure in een 85 portion myself, or to ee to an eeding. he recol what he | 
y wrote about 
i Lan ndivided attention being given to kingdom, and show the impossibility for the mole-hills, when he made mountains of encouraging the 
or it Ât perfectly ce rtain that by rea soning. 8 8 e eee 3 mills exhibited at Northam ampto a inorder to turn them down to extirpate 
— the object dese pave no 3 whatever in accom- | profit ably to compete with the band implements, 1 the wire worm. Experience will best prove whether 
A e to the fear or a minton 1 food fót hie | also observed that we were not srholly opposed to the is right. If he pays a visit to Mr. Warnes’ establish- 
mad aas Čo w were the spade system carried | use of m machinery; for that all our Flax at Trimingham ment, who, no doubt, will receive him with that kind 
tenanta) "t of food aeii sah sr de a . be | was broken by rollers, and the most ordi 2 scutched | attention he has always shown to those who were willing 
®aecres of land has raised for the market’ 1 by the mill. But boring; from repeated experiments, | and desirous to learn, he will find that the imaginations 
