33—1848.] IAE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. si 
L E GE, the high tides, and also i ason, whenever | fodder ; occasionally, however, R e- grass and other 
ROYAL A G P CIRENCESTER: © l ger. the water is raised in the dn by! the admission of seeds are sown for A of 
The SUMMER SESSION will commence on Saturday the | sea-water. This open and porous nature of. the silt | with sheep until the month of 2 the field broken 
12th August, 1848. All new students J. These who p argose | ¥ very much facilitates the discharge of sur aig 3 worked, and so N ied oleseed on ridges 
the expens dvan 
er — uing 5741 3 eo" by means of und c ; d ikewise 
— Eeg, at atthe College), Cirencester, G Giousostersbire = 22 is. cbuipatatively light, in conseq rege af — es, by, taking ga 0p 3 
the necessary A aà 
Puiir BOWES, 2 together. The ag F to the success of which have only lately been converted into 7al 
Tandon Office, 26, King Williamst.. Charing-crovs, Ave. T°. under-draining here is the want’ of fall for the | alternate crops of Potatoes and Wheat are grown 5 
der-draining here a 
BE LET ON LEASE, ARABLE FARMS | water: the drains ee be laid deeper than 2}/the Potatoes formerly yielding 12 tons and more 
of Harwich, in the county of e . test from the surface 155 many ag eñ this farm not | per acre, but since the attack of the disease seldom 
consisting of 113 acres of excellent po in a high state of cul- | so much), partly o to the and sandy above one-third of that amount. course a 
r farm build- | nature of the —— * which e e them liable to | quantity of good manure must be applied to 
ings, IE RA T. ISLAND FARM, in the parish of Ramsey, | be choked, — even then the water in the ditches | land, in order to obtain so frequent a succession 
„consis acres of Arable and Pasture Land of excel- | frequent] in winter considerably above the white crops, and in such abundance. To supply 
— To fa Sasa fick — “a of great | level of the pn ete the beasts in the > tinal during the winter, toge 
of 7, 14, or 21 years, on a corn rent, may be granted} The far m consists of about 270 saing of ag with the sheep and lambs, about one ton of oi 
a. conditions. — To view these, Farms, apply to Mr. | and the 33 permanent pasture land. per week is required for half a year. From 307. to 
for the Conditions on which Leases will be granted, and for the | the arablé land about 32 acres have “ibaa sie er- 507. are also spent annually in the purchase of dis- 
terms of £ occupation, apply to Mr. Joun Moston, Whitfield, | drained with pipe-tiles (some portion of it with tiles | solved bones, bone-dust, guano, and in the manufac- 
aan: See and slate soles), and about 128 acres with thorns. | ture of — manures | the fallow crops. I. 
HAN & HEATING BY HOT WATER. On the pasture land about 34 acres have been farm main 4 horses in constant work, the hours 
BEST MAT — St ye Nes ROAD, drained with pipes, — about 40 acres with of labour serne from 7 o'clock until 4, with —— 
AT SMITH x- G ELSEA, — Ai KING'S: RO Gras ass wedge or sod drains; the remaining portion “+ Ae between alps l o'clock in n summer; and fro 
to be completed next winter. They have all proved | half-past 7 — half-past 3 o’clock in winter, without 
ESTABLISHED isu YEARS. very efficient methods, having been of great 2 and — 44 There are about 12 regular day- 
7 advantage in keeping the surface free from wet — Aa vibi and pet besides three or four 
The Agricultural Gaze tte. during the winter, and thus preserving in a healthy | boys. In the weeding season as man 
sta i i i i e wee 
e IIBE me A h h used formerly to be in a very wet | together; and in harvest many additional hands 
j TINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. state after heavy rains, and rendering the soil less | are always required. Besides these there are a 
P runny Crons.—August 12: E. Kent, Reading. Aug. 14: Great Oakley, | liable to be baked hard in summer, and more friable | yearly hired head man or horsekeeper, and two 
18: Wadebeidge-—Ang. 2: Stranreer.— Aug. 26: Hereford, and easy to work, than it had before been. id i 
Ir mee has thought highly pads pr to obtain | drains have been laid from 20 to 26 and 30 inches | house, and a shepherd. e head man and shep- 
information respecting num arms dis- in depth, and at intervals seldom nearer than herd ea e farm. The usu 
prey over the various soils both of England and | yards ; but the benefit of this apparently incomplete oe of 2 is per week for men, 6s. 
otland, in order to illustrate many points of great | sort of draining has been amply der ain and | women, 3s. for children, and 4s. or 5s.for the | 
1 im ore particularly the in- oo nothing has ever nti this farm boys w on drive a team. The head man 
fluence respectively of soil, climate, labour, and the | more calculated to improve the Ki va nim profit- | 15s. weekly, and the shepherd 16s. The average 
ionship between | rd and tenant, upon the me Poa promising . the cultivator. Of late years . sa = re mgh bean. at 35s. per acre, 
character of the produce of the land. the land has been wonderfully improved and en- nstance of a report 
With the view of coro in the collection of ‘evidence | riched by the use of * quantities of artificial food | caloulated t to throw great t light u upon the agriculture 
‘on these and wh er points, and furnishing one of a |in the preparation of the fuld-yard manure, and by | of a district 
series of Reports which may hereafter be com- the employment of British guano, &c., for the pro- of friends and correspondents, 10 or 12 such reports 
pared and — iin oem each other, the following | duction of — crops, and, indeed, the whole farm | from farms in various parts of England and Scotland, 
pr aad ‘a been dra has become not only enha mood. in value, but also | and their comparison will undoubtedly be most in- 
The farm of which i it is s proposed to give a short | totally — in its aspect ; for in almost every | structive to the agricultural student. ho 
. is reine of about 400 acres, arable and pasture, | field wide old hollows and — ling salt-water N rtly to present rapi a ha page to our readers 
in the county of Lincoln, well situated with regard | creeks have been ploughed in or filſed up by earth in full detail. There can be no doubt, however, 
to the Ths" population, tied and within convenient | carting, and, with other low places, formerly half that it would be . “satisfactory sp trustworthy 
distance of a seaport, rt, for e delivery of corn, Pota- | drowned during the winter, and their crops spoiled, | if the number of cases compared were greater : and 
— nd return o anures. The eee are now dry and bearing good ae, 8 corn, &e. ; | W A me aboye 5 the ho * ‘that it may in- 
eld, e winding ditches, that wasted too much | duce others urnish the means of Sens the the 
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arge meat market at ef It is * und, have been pats wod-and straightened, and, — 
situated i in — dead level district, and the drainage is in common with all estates in the nei ighbourhood, If they i think the objects aimed at worth illustra- ° 
e ral and artificial ditches and — Quick hedges fen ence the pastures in place of ponit, pyre aie ome may be disposed to communi- 
drains, which convey the water for a few miles, and | dykes, whilst numerous plantations of Ash, Fir, and tnfordiatiba for which we ager 2 ask 
discharge it into the sea at low water, through | other toa have grown up at the corners of fields, regarding their own farm he na the 
sluices in an embankment, which are closed when | and around the farmstead. It is by means of such | need not be CTR and we do not t think that the 
the tide is up. In vair ere is frequently but a ——— that the e marshes, not particulars published regarding it would serve to 
bad fall for the water, owing to the “sanding-up ” of many years ago nearly destitute of wood, always | indicate its locality. They will ol raa e accede 
the drains by the de nib of silt from salt water, | sodden with wet, clouded over with fog, and infested | or demur to this wig 0 as re think proper. In 
_ which is admitted into them at times during the | with agues, have been delivered from their bleak- any case, however, we hope, admitting the useful 
summer. been found to be a necessary | ness, and become as freed from fogs and epidemics | ness of its aim to be considerable excuse for what 
habit, both to serve as a fence and division between | as the neighbouring uplands. Raipectingtien pasture | would otherwise certainly be a bold and unwar- 
fields and farms, and to supply the district with and meadow land little need be said. It is not first- | rantable request. 
hard water—the soak, as it is term d, oozing rate grazing ground, the herbage not being rich e points on which ect a appears to 
through the porous subsoil into ponds and wells, enough in quality to fatten large cattle, and the | desirable are :—1. The be of the farm; 2. Its 
85 
Th io 
soil is an alluvial loam, deep, friable, and of good | frequently to scour. Subsoil drainage will, in time, markets; 3. The character of. the soil; 4. The ex- 
i i ho is inj rt h i 
m- 
operty. 
posing this soil vary in different parts of the farm, | thrive and fatten on it, the best pastures carrying | ture lan 
causing some fields to be light and siltv, and others jian: five to eight sheep per acre during the summer | average amount of the hay crops removed; 6. 
ively heavy and retentive. The sħbsoil is | months. About 12 acres only are haid i in at spring | The rotation e ted on the arable land; with the 
in some places a light porous silt, and in others for ian m en, per acre of which are an- average pro oduce per acre of the different pegs i 
ere is a stratum of brown clay from foe y mo grazed are nearly all and their respective destination—for sale o 
or, in occasional spots, 8 feet thick, lying between ard upon the farm, rey in the early spring the consumption on the land; 5 The quantity of in 
the surface-mould and the silt ; but in every part | hoggets are for a time folded on the field intended nures pure rchased annually; 8. The quantity of 
silt forms the bottom soil, and is generally found | for mea adow, and fed with ins d Turnips, having | a -n and the quanti y of teil labour employed, 
zen near to the surface of the land. This silt, | also a limited ‘daily allowance of Linseed oilcake. the wages prot gs nt in the neighbourhood ; 
having ng been deposited by the tides, presents, as it By this means the Turnip land is set at liberty for 9. Tue rental per a 
were, a structure —the coatings 7 sowing with spring ag he usual courses oti We think = boy * that e on 
left to dry at at each successive tide lying one upon | € ih adopted are: J, Turn aa ; 2, Os ese points regarding 20 or 30 farms istri- 
another in plates about the thickness of a shilling, | Wheat 4, Beans or Perz 5, Wheat; fo ead by ones na the 2 oiid fa ri most 
ese are waved and streaked by ripple-marks k Te (Ra e); 2. Whe at; * Seisa 4, en 
by the water when this earth, centuries ago, W ; i Beans, ma- 
mh ae f a sand-bank on the shore. Through this | nured, and 6, Wheat. The root crops are almost om ust correct a passage in our ty week’s 
and porous earth, the water from the surface | all cut and consnmed on the land, ave 2 produce Wen on thréshing machines, which gives an 
be. petcolates ; and when a hole is 84 for a few about 20 to 35 tons per acre. A few acres of Man- erroneous idea of the structure and action of what 
Shi u end, the soak, or subte water, gold Wurzel are grown, and dene and pitted is called uE Pec Drum Mitt. The straw taken 
en seems to run freely throu Sout ¢ pice} part of Se consumption in the farm-yard, or for carting on in by the spikes on the e is not dashed be- 
1 ke i fr e wet silt;|to the Grass land for the ewes in spring. p ut | tween others fixed in the cover. The cover re- 
nd it prevents the land from being parched ii 9 of fie arable land is sown for Whea sembles those of ordin nary machines, N in being 
very 3 the moisture, which is the soak, supplies | year ; red Wheats are principally grown, yielding at a greater distance from the “dru The only 
good hard water to the wells, though evapo- on an average about 4} quarters per acre, of good | difference between the rum a comm ona 
8 
Bios 
th sur by the sun, being s iedagain | weight and quality. Oats yield heavy crops, | consists in the substitution of spikes for the en 
e subsoil | capillary attraction. Nearer to about 1 quarters per acre, and are generally all | beaters. The corn gets threshed in this way as 
Tess t preserves pretty nearly the 0 either as corn or as cut chaff. G of course Tt 
el over a large extent of country, rising | crops both of Beans and Peas are produced, averag-| may probably involve a less exertion of force, but 
t A 
3 during rainy weather, or (in ing 44 quarters per acre. The Clover is usually | also, we pooald imagine, inferior excellence 
tose parts near the coast, and on thin Yarns): dur ing quars por 2 to 3 tons per acre of good | of work. e 
