esl, | THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 613 
i, would undertake to select a practical | of opa i gyti Relief ayer a of the Society of idea Ye lucrative, and enhance the value of Turnip 
ubjec 
to manage “its working under their diree- is thus adverted to in a report file, sete ‘these of rraccrations induce the English farmer 
; responsibility. e best of the | are e published b "ide Y: ;= We ele lately an e l argument that he ms 8 
io sangine, Very zealous at first, possess abilities | entered upon the cultivation of about 550 Irish, equal to rate those fine lands, suitable 25 the prod my of Turnips by 
2 t are apt to be poin Ae, fla ei 906 English, acres of land in the y yo—an “ig 5 the ad ‘bat on the contrary, that 
ined and excitement, and | engagement requiring the outlay.of a considerable cans in his power to maintain 
tre, unless rath 4 be governed by fixed prineiples of ey; which b hien ed in spade hinds of 88 roy facility with which 2 en — — 
erb ould be very sorry t your valuable labour in one of the most impoverished counties in and the variety of crop which it may pr Nr 
e the press generally, teeming for a time with Ireland, cannot fail, whatever may be its yer issue, 2 9 po eee Let him who possesses it be thankful 
Paper, t communications and laudations on the suc- to afford a large amount of 3 ief. enter- Whe pei appi Te C emnin a Turaip 
oe ofthe experiments, and after a while (and, perhaps, tain a hope, however, not only that the funds employed followed by Barley, the alternation of a bare fallow, nips 
es expense) vanish in smoke, like so 5 * 5 but that the exhibition of an improved | ceeded by Wheat, will be found highly beneficial. Change, next 
‘after — excellent undertakings for the benefit of eulture, he growth of useful e 8 10 . eee 1 mgr gas 
En. I ] Mr. ete ci experiments were hitherto but little known in that part of the country, | former. rom . e e of TEI 55 
4 azened forth a little too much at first, as well as Pol- | will have a tendency to withdraw the peasantry from | must necessarily follow that a past 3 — —— are raised 
which has failed in my case without wholly de- their exclusive dependence on the Potato, and in other | PY Ae of re eee. ade 
i my faith in the principle. But Mr. Mechi’s | respects be productive of permanent benefit. The lands by eee or part — den ares e (genera lly Barley 
e energy, his love of the science, persever- are of good quality, and in fair condition; and are | most excellent plan; but I am of opinion that an occasional 
un and readiness to reconsider, 1 and receive placed at our disposal for one season by the proprietors, bare fallow, together lch the application of a dressing of farm- 
ace) ; free 5 rent Pe Aan rate. We provide the labour, = eee “4g Tan tar re thie — . pete 8 — 9 ‘ca 
suggestion . oe 0 s$ S0 for e reason airea 
gered him a benefactor to the country ; 154 his feeling manu and s d receive the produce, giving up ae —the greater r exposure to atmospheric influences ; 2dly, 
for the comfort of labourers and animale, a Wr cs the Rad en hs crops pega be disposed of. The | because — — manure left by the s —* in eati sok the Turnips o 
‘thropist in the widest sense of the term. Lord 2 men nis er 9 is a to b 1 the lan ~ ich s Bot © 
so m e far 
Sil e ee Meee WE en ae 22 acres pen “for. straw (or 50 y vegetatie matter) is “the most wn a 
e ay ary And las tly, 
— ” ut w not use all means for a rsnips, „oe eee 9 55 as it is agreed be no one plant feeds exac upon the 
with a bad master, 3 ae ee ee r 5 5 | Sie ae same particles of soil as another, I am —— to think 
i both in suc p b : eae 5 p VV 50 that the substitution of a Wheat for a Barley crop will be 
4 
5 p A considerable port: d is now s useful. After this change of treatment and of crop, the 
bur have I the least idea who Mr. Goodiff Granard prospects so fa portion of owe Thi ís r sown, and sin lan nd will produce, with renewed Vigour, the Turnip and 
are, whethe i Indeed I 2n T perintended by an page es local committee, somit In taking up the third part of my subject, to which “IT would 
: 729 an s; bu k ing of a few highly r ectable pe rsons residing at chi ety —— ss re vs , the advantage of bare ry 4 
like most men, fe el an interest in it, and believe, wit Bellina. and its vic a ag TEn j by the county surveyor, upon lands of no decide 8 Sanuk aed 15 ore: what i 
eee den the n most happy and congenial pursuit and one of the practical instructors at present s las tod th e of ol er 
é from the ‘artificial stip of P Pre as eserve the appellation of clay lands, an jét which, do 
of man, and mos gs fully employed „by the Royal Agricultural . in not contain a — gaano of sand or gravel, mixed up 
7 2 —. 2 so rife in the professions and | gig’, 
f 0 e 
] 
ing sound information 2 ng the management | either with the soil or subsoil, to render nee Ae i- pd 
e tn gy of land tn the small farmers in various parts of 
opment of the al. Let — set ers and agricul- | Ireland. A similar N on a smaller scale has | of the county of Durham (with which I am best a the hil p is 
aral labourers only be suitably e sensi MUD Ete the | been undaetaked on our behalf in the county of Galway | composed, taking it from the valley through which the turn. 
comfortable cottage and g , Toad Wellassupt Ii ithin instaniceswe have simply | gas road passe om rom Newcastle to Durham ; thence westwar 
5 "wo ag rt e sum of 2 
ich over the eddent 1l given “a nd advanced the 0 soi i n some places, on the table land on the 
th l ith th educa 11 as vf repai ont ths, on condition of the mon ey being rec of the hills (and here, I may observe, you find the best 
s the people, Witl e meang oi living for expen 4 in the eulture by s spadala bour of 50 acres in man of soil in the district—on the table land), the subsoil 
himself, and a little for pressin exigencies obtruded E thts d onsists of freestone rock, in other pra of clay, in others of 
him by the poor of his flock, and not obtainabl crops alo 8. e of this land is now — nd and gravel, but in general of layers of clay interspersed 
Upon 1 , + not obtainable | under ani hp ia repor ale to us of the execution | with deposits of sand and gravel. In some places the surface 
from the union. Is it true that the Protestant parts of 3 prospect “of the DP are exceedingly satisfactory ;” soil inclines to clay ; in others it is light, partaking in most 
ter cultivated ; the people better em- Hiber 
l and peac t 
+ n which it lies, — 8 speaking, divided 
n happier, e Or d peaceful, tha = ven fee ceding i in Folds on Clover.—If any of your — — — 3 a 
of 1 E T am to 1 If 50, W what is the real cause e n give from m experie nee the result of industrious class ol Tatha, wie wae . ago thus 
Nb it? aes mp the line of demarcation is len 9 5 system of sheep- feeding in folds on —— — Pee 3 on agriculture :— Fi me She a. —.— 
hee F. I, like Clover, by feeding the sheep in racks and mowing | leading principle in their management; but, with their 
« isi" have lt tly b en Scan e IR ( Clover before the sheep go into the fold, it looks as e ng; — a 8 their a e 
erwickshire (m 1 elong to the category we naged farms,” la è 
d d nie hi 0 though there would be great economy in food, by the | deserlbed by a — — district, the lan 
. Wheat and sheep not running over a large field at a time. Would | suited to the cultivat urnips are par sit and’ 
ayn eat aud none | it not very much more improve the nature of the soil | limited in extent; and the farmer often wastes his time, his 
ire, Ba ay “ all quan- by such a system to commence the cutting of the Clover lana E sina 1 mi toe a A ba ef 2 
a «| land to unfit for the 7 N 
. poe a ae soe sree ae $ -e migi. - early part of May, and would it — — — —ͤ—ñ— me 
t Th y they no very materially increase the second cut, the —— months, after Oat seed. time, in preparing land for an 
ect th ei irs ares was they Rtn ple every two or three days get, fresh ground, eek 4 2 and te or five of Tw to 1 oe of” 
ey underst i is fallow—which may be seen green as a fog with Couch-grass, 
: y at on 1 stad mae sits which appears: 80 BP opens sy for the health of sheep ; and all manner of weeds, where a botanist might revel for days 
isl omg U bo A Young Farme together—and ee . gets any of his attention, not 
; ͤ ͤ RS DAT r even a stirring, un e Turnips are sown, s 
the four shift or alternate system latter end of June. The whole has been devoted to the pre- 
is most common), w a Sr ieties, | paration for growing five or six acres of green rdl o 
here I have 
Wheat on one year’s lea | ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY or ENGLAND. | tags drought (for this kind of land will not bear the- 
pay better than Oats. A friend in; Mr. Pusey, M.P., Chairman of the Journal Com- | slightest excess of either); and, lastly, he applies 20 loads 
0 i = 
i 
mirable plan of long leases in The Prize of 20/. E the best Essay on 1 lands as are here eee the Oats, Peas, and Barley 
years is common ; I know of Farm Horses, to W. C. Spooner, VS. Southampton. Pulsed ‘bot t ae tye n, ae 2 sage ei 2 and — 
i — ‘r 
tion, but I had no idea that any urchas ope oileake, &., it would in the end be to the: 
nants to crop their lea with Farmers’ Clubs. — of the farmer and the im net N 8 In ad- 
t. ho ; ting the use of a 32 fallow, — aps IS t illustrate 
thought Serica, Teens, August: OF Bare A — Mr. vacating t ot culture by describing the process, Let the land 
had lon decided th . R. W. Marruews, of Beamish, said— be ee ERS winter in ab dry a EI vou can; eut 
eee at question I propose to divide the 5 — into three heads. Ist, to grips in carry off any excess of water in win 
urging crop than Wheat. | show that a bare fallow is peculiarly adapted to strong clay | come Aa 2 ‘the TaT until it be dry ; sive it a trus 
ord Pinks ar the great | lands ; 2dly, to point out ae en of the pts a use good scion bois to the a packs of the ’ furrow across, 
fit as a relief on Turnip soils; and, ddly, to attem prove | i ‘to 
fast y pown very exten- | $ it 8 to pé the general mode of cultivation on | where the — 3 . Sent (that is, the angle which the. 
giving giving way to Wheat, inferior lands which are of no decided character. The chief aprfane forms with the ho permit; next raise 
tter. I never | advantage ofa — fallow consists in the farmer having the g, in i ager like large Potato furrows, in 
9 qrs. of Oats an acre there 36 lbs. per | whole of the su to cultivate—that is, to clean and pre- gery surface to pre et split 
Wh 2 . pee his land for the succeeding course of crops—to meliorate | as ofte e need (a team will do thi Hd dyn 
whee Ooms po re, by exposure to the sun and 1 air, in a manner | keep the harrows off it until about August, when, if a wer 
Wheat crop this is which he can not do vif it be placed. under green ‘erop—because of rain fall, thi clods will begin to moulder pe 
of the land being deteriorated. | he is obliged to vga — 3 and pulverise then h rrow it, and gather off such w 
i ist“ spring by mechanical force. read = — as April tor. ay on i the tane: give it another good ploug 
ed Agriculturist ther | spring by , ng | 
“aed cp met = Potatoes— 8 18 middle. of — 1 if he intend to sow Swedes— | rings, 3 and twice splitting, are about eq to thr 
in preference to Wheat in and from t to the 20th of June for oe kinds of Turnips, | stirrings of the ordinary plan of working bare fallows); let 
ickshire is in the land Much ert ik r Aad by horse and hand hoeing the green crop ; | now lie to rest.as long as possible before herd furrow, par- 
derstood that the best but it must be admitted that the bare fallow is a eee. ti cularly if the land work ＋ — 3 somet 
l : perfect mode of cultivation. Istly, and m rega rong | see how li 
TE of produce at the clay lands. — This land, oo its nature, is better — is left after — stitches hase ony once or twice split Ki 
the least deterioration of the | for the production of Wheat than of other ban; and | seen a piece of land, containing a quantity of 3 . 
vise the farmers of Ber- the ordinary mode of preparation has bee summer quicken, e by repeatedly ponte — 24 5 
the four. shift fallow. I believe it — — . by — drain- | the harrow. Where one plant or root Ja? aie 1 > 
eee un er d subsoiling, to gro urnips d Potatoes upon | it ‘pushed ig biada Soin m farae | iage kd 
m ts; accordin land I. tain. that g reat improvement may be made rest before the seed furrow; were 
the value will = clay lands. cer g p f picked oy ging 
è be > carried oft — a gripe, and carried off. And here, would observe, x 
crop ; Ti er e ti iango ni: Diane l pben hing en A 9 85 act igs „ to coerce a an 
i , 2 > of may in AI opinio land 
ailif, Weston, Hunts, poe 3 aoe the cine bee: of 8 original deposit will N 8 the cog “fluence o of the sun — atmospheri ar 
sS Labour in Ireland.— remain substantially the same—their relative proportions un- | until it begins l spontaneous y, if 
"ina | umber, bene- | ch . It is too 9 tco retentive of 8 10 suit cleaner fallow, gh tet a bg a gt iol mite mere bro broken 
the i J ‘ ~ | those crops ; and the intermixing it with a large quantity of growth of , both corn an ’ 
public attent hould be } by force, b 
of un BOG extraneous matter, such as sand, apo alone materially alter | down early in the — RID — anf ve 
land by spade labour in Ire- it. If this kind of land has ne ee and 1 5 . of = the 112 —.— of a ingenuity z 
is interest in the subject | vourable season occur for getting it "it pulveri sit will grow o pariin description of land last treated 
ards , haps a second. The change will "woii HP. that if the desc a apn 
tt ly = to be raised for 3 3 iam f the soll into action ; but it will be found could by thorough draining be made to produce Tu popa . ; 
its im ee; and The na 
he vast importance of finding e . Therefore n is that I conclude that —4 
nemployed thousands of Wheat, Beans, and Clover are the n productions of this 
exion with kind of land—that a bare fallow is 80 “pest preparation for the 
let = rsystem | course, and hence must continue an important part of our | 
aus in Ire land, will com- system of agriculture, 2d. A bare fallow is occasionally use- 
tention of those whota it may | fal as a relief to Turnip nce, Sya- 1 w s wt and | an 3 Beene th ing 
withstandin: s | 7 á e ) 
80 mance. The readers | aar tena paneer the . etion m the foreigner E it will be found that bare 
kyin experiment of hos articles so as to affect the prices in our | rule and green crops 
in progress ssid direction | sacha te ov rene wh extent as grain, render the production —— a mod 
J 
